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Article
Temocillin
Temocillin, a 6-α-methoxy penicillin derivative, was tested in vitro against 516 recent clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae. The compound exhibited good antibacterial activity, with 95% of is...
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Chapter
Control of Proteoliposomal Cytochrome Oxidase: Normal and Inverted Orientations
Cytochrome c oxidase-containing proteoliposomes were prepared by sonication in the presence of cytochrome c and pyranine, followed by column chromatography to remove external c and pyranine. Externally-facing oxi...
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Chapter
An Automated System for the Measurement of the Response of Cerebral Blood Volume and Cerebral Blood Flow to Changes in Arterial Carbon Dioxide Tension Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy
Since it was first described by Jobsis in 1977, near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has become widely used as a non invasive technique for monitoring the blood and tissue oxygenation of intact organs and to date...
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Article
Transport of K+ and other cations across phospholipid membranes by nonesterified fatty acids
The rate of change of internal pH and transmembrane potential has been monitored in liposomes following the external addition of various cation salts. Oleic acid increases the transmembrane movement of H+ followi...
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Article
Delayed (“Secondary”) Cerebral Energy Failure after Acute Hypoxia-Ischemia in the Newborn Piglet: Continuous 48-Hour Studies by Phosphorus Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
ABSTRACT: Phosphorus (31P) spectra from the brains of severely birth-asphyxiated human infants are commonly normal on the first day of life. Later, cerebral energy failure develops, which carries a serious progno...
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Article
Mild Hypothermia after Severe Transient Hypoxia-Ischemia Ameliorates Delayed Cerebral Energy Failure in the Newborn Piglet
ABSTRACT: Severely birth-asphyxiated human infants develop delayed (“secondary”) cerebral energy failure, which carries a poor prognosis, during the first few days of life. This study tested the hypothesis tha...
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Article
The Noninvasive Measurement of Absolute Cerebral Deoxyhemoglobin Concentration and Mean Optical Path Length in the Neonatal Brain by Second Derivative Near Infrared Spectroscopy
We have used second differential near infrared spectroscopy of water to determine the mean optical path length of the neonatal brain. By obtaining the ratio of the second differential features of deoxyhemoglob...
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Chapter
Measurement of Cytochrome Oxidase Redox State by Near Infrared Spectroscopy
Although near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is primarily used to probe changes in oxyhaemoglobin (HbO2) and deoxyhaemoglobin (dHb) concentrations, it has long been realised that there is a significant oxygen-conce...
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Chapter
Correlation between Absolute Deoxyhaemoglobin [dHb] Measured by Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) and Absolute R2′ as Determined by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a technique which provides high spatial resolution combined with a wide range of image contrast mechanisms. Standard MR image contrast relies upon tissue differences in MR v...
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Article
Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of the Brain during Acute Hypoxia-Ischemia and Delayed Cerebral Energy Failure in the Newborn Piglet
Studies of the brains of severely birth-asphyxiated infants using proton(1H) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) have shown changes indicating a rise in cerebral lactate (Lac) and a fall in N- acetylaspartate (...
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Article
Mild Hypothermia after Severe Transient Hypoxia-Ischemia Reduces the Delayed Rise in Cerebral Lactate in the Newborn Piglet
This study tested the hypothesis that mild hypothermia after severe transient hypoxia-ischemia reduces the subsequent delayed rise in cerebral lactate peak-area ratios as determined by proton (1H) magnetic resona...
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Article
Field metabolic rate and water turnover of the numbat (Myrmecobius fasciatus)
The numbat (Myrmecobius fasciatus) is a diurnal and exclusively termitivorous marsupial. This study examines interrelationships between diet, metabolic rate and water turnover for wild, free-living numbats. The n...
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Article
Ventilatory physiology of the numbat (Myrmecobius fasciatus)
This study examines the ventilatory physiology of the numbat (Myrmecobius fasciatus), a small to medium-sized (550 g) termitivorous marsupial. Ventilatory parameters at thermoneutrality reflect the slightly low (...
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Article
Effect of torpor on the water economy of an arid-zone marsupial, the stripe-faced dunnart (Sminthopsis macroura)
Metabolic rate and evaporative water loss (EWL) were measured for a small, arid-zone marsupial, the stripe-faced dunnart (Sminthopsis macroura), when normothermic and torpid. Metabolic rate increased linearly wit...
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Article
Numbats and aardwolves—how low is low? A re-affirmation of the need for statistical rigour in evaluating regression predictions
Many comparative physiological studies aim to determine if a particular species differs from a prediction based on a linear allometric regression for other species. However, the judgment as to whether the spec...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Use of NIRS to Assess Effect of Training on Peripheral Muscle Oxygenation Changes in Elite Rugby Players Performing Repeated Supramaximal Cycling Tests
In most team sports, intermittent high intensity sprint efforts combined with short recovery periods have been identified as a key factor of physical performance; the ability to repeat these efforts at a susta...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Underwater Near-Infrared Spectroscopy: Muscle Oxygen Changes in the Upper and Lower Extremities in Club Level Swimmers and Triathletes
To date, measurements of oxygen status during swim exercise have focused upon systemic aerobic capacity. The development of a portable, waterproof NIRS device makes possible a local measurement of muscle hemod...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
The βLys66Tyr Variant of Human Hemoglobin as a Component of a Blood Substitute
It has been proposed that introducing tyrosine residues into human hemoglobin (e.g. βPhe41Tyr) may be able to reduce the toxicity of the ferryl heme species in extracellular hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (H...
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Chapter
Novel Redox Active Tyrosine Mutations Enhance the Regeneration of Functional Oxyhemoglobin from Methemoglobin: Implications for Design of Blood Substitutes
Heme mediated oxidative toxicity has been linked to adverse side effects in Hemoglobin Based Oxygen Carriers (HBOC), initiated by reactive ferryl (FeIV) iron and globin based free radical species. We recently sho...
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Chapter
Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) Observation of Vastus Lateralis (Muscle) and Prefrontal Cortex (Brain) Tissue Oxygenation During Synchronised Swimming Routines in Elite Athletes
The development of underwater Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (uNIRS) has enabled the measurement of tissue oxygenation within the swim environment. Unique physiological responses, such as the diving reflex, have b...
