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Chapter and Conference Paper
Imaging Cerebral Energy Metabolism in Healthy Infants
Broadband near-infrared spectroscopy (bNIRS) has the potential to provide non-invasive measures of cerebral haemodynamic changes alongside changes in cellular oxygen utilisation through the measurement of mito...
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Chapter
A Fibreless Multiwavelength NIRS System for Imaging Localised Changes in Cerebral Oxidised Cytochrome C Oxidase
Measurement of the oxidation state of cytochrome c oxidase (oxCCO) can inform directly on neuronal metabolism. Conventionally this has been measured in vivo using benchtop broadband near infrared spectroscopy ...
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Chapter
Changes in Cytochrome-C-Oxidase Account for Changes in Attenuation of Near-Infrared Light in the Healthy Infant Brain
A novel multi-wavelength broadband near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) system has been employed to simultaneously measure haemodynamic changes alongside changes in cellular oxygen utilization by measurement of o...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Spatial Distribution of Changes in Oxidised Cytochrome C Oxidase During Visual Stimulation Using Broadband Near Infrared Spectroscopy Imaging
Functional hyperaemia, characterised as an increase in concentration of oxyhaemoglobin [HbO2] and a decrease in concentration of deoxyhaemoglobin [HHb] in response to neuronal activity, can be precisely mapped us...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Using fNIRS to Study Working Memory of Infants in Rural Africa
A pilot study was conducted to assess the feasibility of using fNIRS as an alternative to behavioral assessments of cognitive development with infants in rural Africa. We report preliminary results of a study ...
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Article
Open AccessFunctional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to assess cognitive function in infants in rural Africa.
Cortical map** of cognitive function during infancy is poorly understood in low-income countries due to the lack of transportable neuroimaging methods. We have successfully piloted functional near infrared s...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Effect of Blood in the Cerebrospinal Fluid on the Accuracy of Cerebral Oxygenation Measured by Near Infrared Spectroscopy
Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is an optical technique used to examine the oxygenation state of tissues such as the brain in patients, including those with brain injury. We have examined the effect of a cer...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Optical Imaging of Brain Activation in Gambian Infants
We used optical topography (OT) to investigate cognitive function in infants in rural Gambia. Images of changes in oxyhaemoglobin and deoxyhaemoglobin concentrations were reconstructed using a multispectral al...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Spatially Resolved Blood Oxygenation Measurements Using Time-Resolved Photoacoustic Spectroscopy
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Article
17 Relationship Between Cerebral Oxygen Delivery, Cerebral Metabolic Rate and the Mean Cerebral Oxygen Saturation in Preterm Infants
BACKGROUND Ensuring the adequacy of cerebral oxygen delivery to meet metabolic demand is important in the brain orientated care of newborn infants. Spatially resolved near-infrared spectroscopy (SRS) is an opt...
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Article
10 Mean Cerebral Oxygen Saturation Increases with Gestational Age in Preterm Infants
Background: Ensuring the adequacy of cerebral oxygen delivery to meet metabolic demand is important in the brain orientated intensive care of preterm infants. Spatially resolved near-infrared spectroscopy allows ...
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Article
Visually evoked haemodynamic responses in infants with cerebral pathology
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Chapter
Oscillations in Cerebral Haemodynamics
The blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) contrast signal in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provides highly spatially resolved deoxygenation maps of the activated cortex (Turner 1995). In comm...
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Article
Age related characteristics of functionally evoked haemodynamic changes in the infant brain
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Chapter
An Analytical Method for Determining Cerebrovascular Transit Time Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy
The measurement of cerebral blood flow (CBF) using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is already well described (Edwards et al, 1988, Elwell et al, 1994, Owen-Reece et al., 1996). The technique requires the use...
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Chapter
Predicting Oscillation in Arterial Saturation from Cardiorespiratory Variables
The potential of near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as a non invasive tissue oxygenation monitor was first outlined by Jöbsis (Jöbsis, 1977). Extension of the basic technique to measure tissue blood flow using ...
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Chapter
Measurement of Cerebral Venous Saturation in Adults using Near Infrared Spectroscopy
Saturation measurements have long been used to provide information about oxygenation levels within tissue in the form of a single percentage value. Whilst the measurement of peripheral arterial oxygen saturati...
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Chapter
Continuous Measurement of Cerebral Oxygenation by Nirs During Induction of Anaesthesia
Continuous intraoperative monitoring of cerebral oxygenation is not routine because existing techniques are either invasive, require a prolonged period of equilibration or involve the use of ionizing radiation...
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Article
The Noninvasive Measurement of Absolute Cerebral Deoxyhemoglobin Concentration and Mean Optical Path Length in the Neonatal Brain by Second Derivative Near Infrared Spectroscopy
We have used second differential near infrared spectroscopy of water to determine the mean optical path length of the neonatal brain. By obtaining the ratio of the second differential features of deoxyhemoglob...
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Chapter
Investigation of the Effects of Hypocapnia upon Cerebral Haemodynamics in Normal Volunteers and Anaesthetised Subjects by near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS)
The effect of alterations in arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) upon the cerebral blood vessels was first described in 1930 by Wolff and Lennox and quantified in 1948 by Kety and Schmidt. Since then many stu...
