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Article
Open AccessEpitope-specific immunity against Staphylococcus aureus coproporphyrinogen III oxidase
Staphylococcus aureus represents a serious infectious threat to global public health and a vaccine against S. aureus represents an unmet medical need. We here characterise two S. aureus vaccine candidates, coprop...
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Article
Open AccessCHIP ubiquitylates NOXA and induces its lysosomal degradation in response to DNA damage
The BH3-only protein NOXA is a regulator of mitochondrial apoptosis by specifically antagonizing the anti-apoptotic protein MCL-1. Here we show that the E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP controls NOXA stability after D...
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Article
Cytosolic Gram-negative bacteria prevent apoptosis by inhibition of effector caspases through lipopolysaccharide
The cytosolic appearance and propagation of bacteria cause overwhelming cellular stress responses that induce apoptosis under normal conditions. Therefore, successful bacterial colonization depends on the abil...
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Article
Caspase-8 is the molecular switch for apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis
Caspase-8 is the initiator caspase of extrinsic apoptosis1,2 and inhibits necroptosis mediated by RIPK3 and MLKL. Accordingly, caspase-8 deficiency in mice causes embryonic lethality3, which can be rescued by del...
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Article
Open AccessThe growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in low-direct current electric fields
Electrical potentials up to 800 mV can be observed between different metallic dental restorations. These potentials produce fields in the mouth that may interfere with microbial communities. The present study ...
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Article
Open AccessTherapeutic concentrations of antibiotics inhibit Shiga toxin release from enterohemorrhagic E. coli O104:H4 from the 2011 German outbreak
The shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) O104:H4 caused a major outbreak in Germany in spring 2011. STEC are usually susceptible to common antibiotics. However, antibiotic treatment of STEC-infected patients is n...
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Article
Open AccessNOX enzymes as drug targets
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Article
Riboflavin kinase couples TNF receptor 1 to NADPH oxidase
Riboflavin kinase has been identified as a novel interacting partner for the death domain of receptor-1 for tumour necrosis factor (TNF-R1). It is required to recruit to and functionally couple p22phox to TNF-R1....
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Article
Acid sphingomyelinase is a key regulator of cytotoxic granule secretion by primary T lymphocytes
Granules containing perforin and granzymes are secreted from cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Krönke and co-workers find that acid sphingomyelase is needed for granule shrinkage just before exocytosis in this process.
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Article
Open AccessLarge scale multiplex PCR improves pathogen detection by DNA microarrays
Medium density DNA microchips that carry a collection of probes for a broad spectrum of pathogens, have the potential to be powerful tools for simultaneous species identification, detection of virulence factor...
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Article
Open AccessGene transfer of Hodgkin cell lines via multivalent anti-CD30 scFv displaying bacteriophage
The display of binding ligands, such as recombinant antibody fragments, on the surface of filamentous phage makes it possible to specifically attach these phage particles to target cells. After uptake of the p...
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Article
Interleukin-4 impairs granzyme-mediated cytotoxicity of Simian virus 40 large tumor antigen-specific CTL in BALB/c mice
In this report we analyzed the impact of interleukin-4 (IL-4) on tumor-associated simian virus 40 (SV40) large T-antigen (TAg)-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T cells during rejection of syngeneic SV40 transformed mKSA t...
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Article
Expression of lysostaphin in HeLa cells protects from host cell killing by intracellular Staphylococcus aureus
The Staphylococcus aureus-specific cell wall endopeptidase lysostaphin was used as a model for an intracellular acting bactericidal antibiotic. HeLa cells were transfected with an expression vector directing the ...
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Chapter
Ceramide as an Activator Lipid of Cathepsin D
We have identified the aspartic protease cathepsin D as a novel intracellular target protein for the lipid second messenger ceramide. Ceramide specifically binds to and induces CTSD proteolytic activity. A-SMa...
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Article
Soluble HLA class I molecules induce apoptosis in alloreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes
Soluble HLA class I molecules (sHLAs) have been identified in the serum of patients with inflammatory diseases, allografts and autoimmune diseases and in serum of healthy individuals. The biological significan...
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Article
Rapid proteolysis of IκB-α is necessary for activation of transcription factor NF-κB
INDUCIBLE gene expression in eukaryotes is mainly controlled by the activity of transcriptional activator proteins, such as NF-κB (refs 1–3), a factor activated upon treatment of cells with phorbolesters, lipo...
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Article
Morphological and immunological changes of hairy cell leukemia during α-2-interferon therapy
We describe a patient who presented with the clinical picture of hairy cell leukemia (HCL). Bone marrow and peripheral blood lymphoma cells showed morphological and immunological features of HCL. Under recombi...
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Chapter
Molecular Cloning and Expression of cDNAS Encoding the Human Interleukin-2 Receptor
We have identified cDNAs encoding the human interleu- kin-2 (IL-2) receptor from a cDNA library constructed from HUT-102B2 cell mRNA, and have expressed them in eukaryotic cells. Based on the deduced amino aci...
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Article
Molecular cloning and expression of cDNAs for the human interleukin-2 receptor
We have purified the human T-cell growth factor (interleukin-2) receptor and have cloned, sequenced and expressed cDNAs corresponding to this receptor. We identify one gene, but two interleukin-2 receptor mRNA...
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Chapter
Frequency-Analysis of Precursors of Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes in Radiation Chimeras: Enumeration of Antigenspecific CTL-P Restricted to Thymic MHC- and Bone Marrow-MHC-Determinants
The mechanisms controlling the acquisition of T cell restriction specificity and immunocompetence are, despite of numerous investigations, not well understood. From studies of the CTL-immune responsiveness in ...
