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Article
Bioequivalence-quality parameter or therapeutic surrogate
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Article
Drug Equilibration Across the Blood—Brain Barrier-Pharmacokinetic Considerations Based on the Microdialysis Method
Purpose. The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of different rates of transport into and out of the brain, including passive and active transport, on unbound brain concentrations and profile i...
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Article
Regional Jejunal Perfusion, a New in Vivo Approach to Study Oral Drug Absorption in Man
Recently a new in vivo approach in man, using a regional intestinal perfusion technique, has been developed. The perfusion tube consists of a multichannel tube with two inflatable balloons, which are placed 10 cm...
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Article
Altered Pharmacokinetics and Dynamics of Apomorphine in the Malnourished Rat: Modeling of the Composed Relationship Between Concentration and Heart-Rate Response
The impact of malnutrition on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (change in heart rate) of apomorphine was studied in the rat. One group of rats received a low-protein diet (0.5%) ad libitum to produce pre...
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Article
Analysis of pethidine disposition in the pregnant rat by means of a physiological flow model
The disposition of pethidine (meperidine) in the pregnant rat is described by means of a physiological flow model. The model includes arterial and venous blood, brain, fat, fetal, hepatic, intestinal, muscular.....
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Article
Analysis of methadone disposition in the pregnant rat by means of a physiological flow model
A physiological flow model simulating the pregnant rat is constructed for methadone. The model includes brain, fetal, hepatic, intestinal, muscular, pulmonar, and renal tissues. Since methadone kinetics may pr...
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Article
Promethazine both facilitates and inhibits nociception in rats: Effect of the testing procedure
The present study demonstrates that low doses of promethazine (1.25–5 mg/kg SC) dose-dependently facilitate nociception in the vocalization test in rats. However, this effect disappeared gradually with increas...
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Article
A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for theophylline disposition in the pregnant and nonpregnant rat
There are numerous studies which examine the disposition of theophylline from a traditional point of view. Information about the behaviour of drugs, including theophylline, is, however, very scarce when invest.....
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Chapter
Kinetics of Drug Action
We all probably agree that the rapid progress in pharmacokinetics observed over the past decade has not been matched by a rapid development in our knowledge of the kinetics of drug action. The main reasons for...
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Article
Yohimbine both increases and decreases nociceptive thresholds in rats: Evaluation of the dose-response relationship
The effect of yohimbine on a response to nociceptive stimulation mediated by supraspinal structures was studied after subcutaneous administration in doses from 0.25 mg/kg up to 25 mg/kg. The results showed tha...
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Article
A physiological pharmacokinetic model for morphine disposition in the pregnant rat
A physiological model was used to examine the disposition of morphine in the pregnant rat. In the model was incorporated an expression of both a linear and a nonlinear binding term of morphine to the maternal .....
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Article
Pharmacokinetic interpretation of the enterohepatic recirculation and first-pass elimination of morphine in the rat
Morphine was administered to rats by oral, intraportal, and intravenous routes in a dose of 7.6 mg · kg −1.From the serum concentration data after intraportal administration it was calculated that the first-pass...
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Article
Relation between morphine pharmacokinetics and analgesia
The relationship between the multicompartmental behavior of morphine and the kinetics of the analgesic effect has been investigated using a digital computer compartment analysis program. The results obtained i.....
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Article
Pharmacokinetics of morphine in plasma and discrete areas of the rat brain
After intravenous administration of an analgesic dose of morphine into rat, the time course of morphine concentrations was followed in plasma, whole brain, and four discrete areas of the brain during 8 hr. The.....
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Article
Pharmacokinetics of theophylline in relation to increased pain sensitivity in the rat
In the rat, theophylline increases, in proportion to dose, the sensitivity to painful stimulation. A study of the pharmacological registration of this property combined with the determination of drug levels in.....