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Article
Measuring key human carbohydrate digestive enzyme activities using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection
Carbohydrate digestion in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract is catalyzed by α-amylases and α-glucosidases to produce monosaccharides for absorption. Inhibition of these enzymes is the major activity of the ...
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Article
Open AccessThe gut microbiome drives inter- and intra-individual differences in metabolism of bioactive small molecules
The origin of inter-individual variability in the action of bioactive small molecules from the diet is poorly understood and poses a substantial obstacle to harnessing their potential for attenuating disease r...
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Article
Open AccessNutritional implications of olives and sugar: attenuation of post-prandial glucose spikes in healthy volunteers by inhibition of sucrose hydrolysis and glucose transport by oleuropein
The secoiridoid oleuropein, as found in olives and olive leaves, modulates some biomarkers of diabetes risk in vivo. A possible mechanism may be to attenuate sugar digestion and absorption.
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Article
Open AccessAcute metabolic actions of the major polyphenols in chamomile: an in vitro mechanistic study on their potential to attenuate postprandial hyperglycaemia
Transient hyperglycaemia is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and endothelial dysfunction, especially in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. Nutritional interventions and strategies for controlling postp...
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Chapter
Benefits: Tradition of Use, Experimental Models and Human Studies to Support Health Claims of Botanicals
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Article
Dietary intake of 20 polyphenol subclasses in a cohort of UK women
Establishing and linking the proposed health benefits of dietary polyphenols to their consumption requires measurement of polyphenol intake in appropriate samples and an understanding of factors that influenc...
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Article
Impact of resistant starch in three plantain (Musa AAB) products on glycaemic response of healthy volunteers
Plantains can be eaten in various forms providing a good opportunity to study the effect of starch type on glycaemic response, and so three products differing in their types of available carbohydrate and conte...
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Article
Fruit intake and cardiovascular disease mortality in the UK Women’s Cohort Study
In observational studies, fruit intake is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), though fruit type has been less frequently explored. The aim of the current study was to explore the as...
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Article
The effect of acute pre-exercise dark chocolate consumption on plasma antioxidant status, oxidative stress and immunoendocrine responses to prolonged exercise
Acute antioxidant supplementation may modulate oxidative stress and some immune perturbations that typically occur following prolonged exercise. The aims of the present study were to examine the effects of acu...
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Article
Plasma pharmacokinetics of catechin metabolite 4′-O-Me-EGC in healthy humans
Tea is an infusion of the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant and is the most widely consumed beverage in the world after water. Green tea contains significant amounts of polyphenol catechins and represents a p...
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Article
Cysteine fluxes across the portal-drained viscera of enterally fed minipigs: effect of an acute intestinal inflammation
Cysteine is considered as a conditionally indispensable amino acid. Its dietary supply should thus be increased when endogenous synthesis cannot meet metabolic need, such as during inflammatory diseases. Howev...
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Article
Open AccessChanges in the transcriptional profile of transporters in the intestine along the anterior-posterior and crypt-villus axes
The purpose of this work was to characterize the expression of drug and nutrient carriers along the anterior-posterior and crypt-villus axes of the intestinal epithelium and to study the validity of utilizing ...
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Article
Deglycosylation by small intestinal epithelial cell β-glucosidases is a critical step in the absorption and metabolism of dietary flavonoid glycosides in humans
Background: Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that the small intestine is the major site of absorption for many flavonoid glucosides. Flavonoids are generally present as glycosylated forms in plants and foods, ...
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Article
The use of flavonoid aglycones in in vitro systems to test biological activities: based on bioavailability data, is this a valid approach?
The majority of in vitro assays on biological activities of flavonoids have used the aglycone form as the test compound. This form is readily available from commercial sources and comparable approaches have been ...
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Article
Experimental Observations of the Redistribution of Implanted Nitrogen at the Si-SiO2 Interface During RTA Processing
The redistribution of nitrogen from silicon to the Si-SiO2 interface due to thermal processing is investigated by Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS) using Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) capacitors. SIMS prof...
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Chapter
Glycosylation, Esterification, and Polymerization of Flavonoids and Hydroxycinnamates: Effects on Antioxidant Properties
Dietary flavonoids and hydroxycinnamates are effective antioxidants that may affect health and are also important for food preservation. Of the flavonoids, quercetin is a common representative and is found in ...
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Protocol
Hydrolysis of Hemicelluloses Using Combinations of Xylanases and Feruloyl Esterases
Hemicelluloses are heteropolysaccharides that occur in many plant cell walls. Usually hemicelluloses consist of a xylan backbone highly substituted with sugar side chains and with acetyl, feruloyl, coumaroyl, ...
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Chapter
Human Metabolism of Dietary Quercetin Glycosides
Flavonoids, along with other phytochemicals, are thought to have a role in reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease and cancers.1,2 Fruits and vegetables undoubtedly afford some protec...
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Article
Improved Methods for Evaluation of Rapid Thermal Processors
SEMATECH has worked with numerous commercial suppliers of RTP systems on both evaluation and development projects. It has adopted standardized methods which minimize monitor wafer impact and improve system cha...
