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Article
Open AccessSocial and psychological adversity are associated with distinct mother and infant gut microbiome variations
Health disparities are driven by underlying social disadvantage and psychosocial stressors. However, how social disadvantage and psychosocial stressors lead to adverse health outcomes is unclear, particularly ...
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Article
Open AccessHyperhydration to Improve Kidney Outcomes in Children with Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli Infection: a multinational embedded cluster crossover randomized trial (the HIKO STEC trial)
Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) infections affect children and adults worldwide, and treatment remain solely supportive. Up to 15–20% of children infected by high-risk STEC (i.e., E. coli that produce Shiga ...
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Article
Open AccessLongitudinal gut virome analysis identifies specific viral signatures that precede necrotizing enterocolitis onset in preterm infants
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious consequence of preterm birth and is often associated with gut bacterial microbiome alterations. However, little is known about the development of the gut virome in ...
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The progression of serum cystatin C concentrations within the first month of life after preterm birth—a worldwide systematic review
Multiple single-center studies have examined the progression of kidney function biomarkers such as serum cystatin C (Cys C) in the first 30 days of life (DOL) after preterm birth, but from different ethnicitie...
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Article
Open AccessDiscordant transmission of bacteria and viruses from mothers to babies at birth
The earliest microbial colonizers of the human gut can have life-long consequences for their hosts. Precisely how the neonatal gut bacterial microbiome and virome are initially populated is not well understood...
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Article
Persistent metagenomic signatures of early-life hospitalization and antibiotic treatment in the infant gut microbiota and resistome
Hospitalized preterm infants receive frequent and often prolonged exposures to antibiotics because they are vulnerable to infection. It is not known whether the short-term effects of antibiotics on the preterm...
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Article
Infant diet and maternal gestational weight gain predict early metabolic maturation of gut microbiomes
Commensal gut bacterial communities (microbiomes) are predicted to influence human health and disease1,2. Neonatal gut microbiomes are colonized with maternal and environmental flora and mature toward a stable co...
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Open AccessMeasurement of gut permeability using fluorescent tracer agent technology
The healthy gut restricts macromolecular and bacterial movement across tight junctions, while increased intestinal permeability accompanies many intestinal disorders. Dual sugar absorption tests, which measure...
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Open AccessIntestinal dysbiosis in preterm infants preceding necrotizing enterocolitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a catastrophic disease of preterm infants, and microbial dysbiosis has been implicated in its pathogenesis. Studies evaluating the microbiome in NEC and preterm infants lack ...
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Article
Development of the gut microbiota and mucosal IgA responses in twins and gnotobiotic mice
The relationship between assembly of the gut community and gut mucosal immunoglobulin A responses during the first 24–36 months of postnatal life in a cohort of 40 twin pairs is defined and modelled in gnotobi...
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Developmental dynamics of the preterm infant gut microbiota and antibiotic resistome
Development of the preterm infant gut microbiota is emerging as a critical research priority1. Since preterm infants almost universally receive early and often extended antibiotic therapy2, it is important to und...
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Early life dynamics of the human gut virome and bacterial microbiome in infants
Colonization of the infant gut by viruses, bacteriophages and bacteria over the first two years of life.
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Open AccessThe effect of dietary resistant starch type 2 on the microbiota and markers of gut inflammation in rural Malawi children
Resistant starch (RS) decreases intestinal inflammation in some settings. We tested the hypothesis that gut inflammation will be reduced with dietary supplementation with RS in rural Malawian children. Eightee...
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Open AccessErratum: Gut resistome development in healthy twin pairs in the first year of life
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Open AccessGut resistome development in healthy twin pairs in the first year of life
The early life of the human host marks a critically important time for establishment of the gut microbial community, yet the developmental trajectory of gut community-encoded resistance genes (resistome) is un...
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Article
Open AccessBiogeography of the ecosystems of the healthy human body
Characterizing the biogeography of the microbiome of healthy humans is essential for understanding microbial associated diseases. Previous studies mainly focused on a single body habitat from a limited set of ...
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Azithromycin decolonization of STEC—a new risk emerges
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Azithromycin and decolonization after HUS
An observational study associates azithromycin use with accelerated stool decolonization in patients infected with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O104:H4. Even if this association is causal, however, the ...
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Article
Open AccessObscured phylogeny and possible recombinational dormancy in Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli is one of the best studied organisms in all of biology, but its phylogenetic structure has been difficult to resolve with current data and analytical techniques. We analyzed single nucleotide pol...
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Shiga-Toxin Producing Escherichia coli and the Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome: What Have We Learned in the Past 25 Years?
