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Advances in molecular probe-based labeling tools and their application to multiscale multimodal correlated microscopies
The need to determine the precise subcellular distribution of specific proteins and macromolecular complexes in cells and tissues has been the major driving force behind the development of new molecular-geneti...
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Article
Open AccessDRP1 inhibition rescues retinal ganglion cells and their axons by preserving mitochondrial integrity in a mouse model of glaucoma
Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness and is characterized by slow and progressive degeneration of the optic nerve head axons and retinal ganglion cell (RGC), leading to loss of visual functi...
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Cerium oxide nanoparticles protect against Aβ-induced mitochondrial fragmentation and neuronal cell death
Evidence indicates that nitrosative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction participate in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Amyloid beta (Aβ) and peroxynitrite induce mitochondrial fragmentation and neu...
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Article
Open AccessInhibition of oxidative stress by coenzyme Q10 increases mitochondrial mass and improves bioenergetic function in optic nerve head astrocytes
Oxidative stress contributes to dysfunction of glial cells in the optic nerve head (ONH). However, the biological basis of the precise functional role of mitochondria in this dysfunction is not fully understoo...
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Loss of OPA1 disturbs cellular calcium homeostasis and sensitizes for excitotoxicity
Optic atrophy 1 ( OPA1 ) mutations cause dominant optic atrophy (DOA) with retinal ganglion cell (RGC) and optic nerve degeneration. The mechanism for the selectiv...
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Article
Open AccessA new vicious cycle involving glutamate excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dynamics
Glutamate excitotoxicity leads to fragmented mitochondria in neurodegenerative diseases, mediated by nitric oxide and S-nitrosylation of dynamin-related protein 1, a mitochondrial outer membrane fission protein.
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Genetic variance modifies apoptosis susceptibility in mature oocytes via alterations in DNA repair capacity and mitochondrial ultrastructure
Although the identification of specific genes that regulate apoptosis has been a topic of intense study, little is known of the role that background genetic variance plays in modulating cell death. Using germ ...
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Article
Mitochondria frozen with trehalose retain a number of biological functions and preserve outer membrane integrity
In apoptosis, Bcl-2-family proteins regulate the barrier function of the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM), controlling the release of proapoptotic proteins from the intermembrane space into the cytoplasm. Th...
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Reference Work Entry In depth
4.2 Mitochondrial Architecture and Heterogeneity
Brain mitochondria are heterogeneous in structure, enzyme complement, energy metabolism, motility, and compartmentation. In recent years, the detailed three-dimensional structure of these organelles has been p...
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Chapter
Morphological Adaptation of the Peptidergic Innervation to Chronic Hypoxia in the Rat Carotid Body
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Article
Electron Tomography of Mitochondria from Brown Adipocytes Reveals Crista Junctions
Electron microscope tomography was used to examine the membrane topology of brown adipose tissue (BAT) mitochondria prepared by cryofixation or chemical fixation techniques. These mitochondria contain an uncou...
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Article
Ultrastructure of afferent axon endings in a neuroma
Injured sensory axons with endings trapped in a nerve-end neuroma become a source of abnormal impulse discharge and neuropathic pain. We have examined the ultrastructure of such endings using anterogradely tra...
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Article
Three-dimensional fine structure of cytoskeletal-membrane interactions at nodes of Ranvier
Cytoskeleton-membrane-extracellular matrix interactions at the node of Ranvier were examined in both central and peripheral axons by combining three different methods for tissue preparation with three differen...
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Article
Distribution of (Na++K+)ATPase and sodium channels in skeletal muscle and electroplax
The distributions of (Na+ + K+)ATPase and sodium channels in skeletal muscle fibres and electrocytes were determined by immunofluorescent and immunoelectron microscopic techniques using antibodies against rat and...
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Article
Node of Ranvier formation along fibres regenerating through silicone tube implants: A freeze-fracture and thin-section electron microscopic study
Thin-section and freeze-fracture electron microscopy have been used to examine the morphogenesis of the node of Ranvier in peripheral nerves regenerating through silicone tubes. A major question posed by this ...
