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Early antipsychotic exposure affects serotonin and dopamine receptor binding density differently in selected brain loci of male and female juvenile rats
BackgroundAntipsychotic drugs (APDs) were developed to treat schizophrenia in adults; however they have been increasingly prescribed (mostly...
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An immune gate of depression — Early neuroimmune development in the formation of the underlying depressive disorder
The prevalence of depression worldwide is increasing from year to year and constitutes a serious medical, economic and social problem. Currently,...
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Clobenpropit, a histamine H3 receptor antagonist/inverse agonist, inhibits [3H]-dopamine uptake by human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells and rat brain synaptosomes
BackgroundClobenpropit, a potent antagonist/inverse agonist at the histamine H 3 receptor (H 3 R), reduced the cytotoxic action of 6-hydroxydopamine...
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Effects of central RVD-hemopressin(α) administration on anxiety, feeding behavior and hypothalamic neuromodulators in the rat
BackgroundThe endocannabinoid (eCB) system is strongly involved in the regulation of anxiety and feeding behavior. RVD-hemopressin(α) [RVD-hp(α)], a...
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Regularly monitor neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson’s disease and adjust treatment as necessary
Neuropsychiatric disorders are frequent in Parkinson’s disease (PD), but may be difficult to identify as they are closely related to other aspects of...
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Recent and updated pharmacotherapy of migraine
Migraine is a complex and still debatable neurovascular disorder that is on the rise globally, affecting patients of all ages. Various drugs are...
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Glutamate heteroreceptor complexes in the brain
The existence of mGluR, NMDAR, AMPAR and putative KAR heteroreceptor complexes in synaptic and extrasynaptic regions of brain glutamate synapses...
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BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF COMPOUNDS OF PLANT ORIGIN
Due to their structural diversity and specific biological effects, natural substances play an important role in medication. Many of the medicines...
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Isobolographic analysis of the cutaneous antinociceptive interaction between bupivacaine co-injected with serotonin in rats
BackgroundThe aim of this experiment was to investigate a long-lasting local anesthetic bupivacaine combined with serotonin at inducing cutaneous...
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Abnormal hippocampal neurogenesis in Parkinson’s disease: relevance to a new therapeutic target for depression with Parkinson’s disease
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor dysfunction, including bradykinesia, tremor,...
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Combined treatment with aripiprazole and antidepressants reversed some MK-801-induced schizophrenia-like symptoms in mice
BackgroundAtypical antipsychotic drugs have some efficacy in alleviating the negative and some cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia but those effects...
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Involvement of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) in the mechanism of neuroleptic drugs
BackgroundRecent evidence suggests that the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK)-associated signaling pathway in the frontal cortical areas...
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The role of nitric oxide—cGMP pathway in selegiline antidepressant-like effect in the mice forced swim test
BackgroundConsidering the pivotal role of nitric oxide (NO) pathway in depressive disorders, the aim of the present study was to investigate the...
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Depressive-like neurochemical and behavioral markers of Parkinson’s disease after 6-OHDA administered unilaterally to the rat medial forebrain bundle
BackgroundAlthough Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration of multiple neurotransmitter systems, 6-hydroxydopamine...
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The influence of CaMKII and ERK phosphorylation on BDNF changes observed in mice selectively devoid of CREB in serotonergic or noradrenergic neurons
BackgroundThe transcription factor CREB and the neurotrophin BDNF are important mood regulators due to their profound role in controlling the...
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Bupropion attenuates morphine tolerance and dependence: Possible role of glutamate, norepinephrine, inflammation, and oxidative stress
BackgroundMorphine — the main pillar of nociceptive pain management — systemic use is associated with development of tolerance and dependence....
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Emotional disorders induced by Hemopressin and RVD-hemopressin(α) administration in rats
BackgroundThe endocannabinoid (eCB) system plays an important role in regulating emotional disorders, and is involved, directly or indirectly, in...
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Skin nociceptive block with pramoxine delivery by subcutaneous injection in rats
BackgroundPramoxine has been shown to produce spinal anesthesia, while cutaneous analgesia (peripheral) of pramoxine is not established. The...
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The effect of paroxetine, venlafaxine and bupropion administration alone and combined on spatial and aversive memory performance in rats
BackgroundThe use of antidepressants in combination is common practice following non-response to single antidepressant agents. Nevertheless, the...