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The effect of paroxetine, venlafaxine and bupropion administration alone and combined on spatial and aversive memory performance in rats

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Abstract

Background

The use of antidepressants in combination is common practice following non-response to single antidepressant agents. Nevertheless, the scientific literature lacks preclinical studies regarding the combined administration of antidepressants across multiple behavioral measures including, but not limited to, cognition. Hence, we aimed to determine the effects of paroxetine (PAR), venlafaxine (VEN) and bupropion (BUP) alone or combined (PAR + BUP or VEN + BUP) on spatial and affective memory tasks to advance the knowledge about the combined use of antidepressants in cognition.

Methods

Adult rats received daily injections (15 days) of PAR (20 mg/kg, ip), VEN (20 mg/kg, ip), BUP (20 mg/kg, ip) alone or combined and were submitted to behavioral measures of spatial memory (radial-arm maze — RAM), aversive memory (passive avoidance — PA), open field (OF) and forced swimming (FST) tests.

Results

In the RAM, VEN or VEN + BUP impaired learning, while short-term memory (STM) was impaired by PAR, BUP and their combination. VEN + BUP improved STM as compared to BUP. PAR impaired long-term memory (LTM). VEN or BUP alone impaired STM and long-term fear memory, whilst PAR + BUP or VEN + BUP did not induce significant alterations.

Conclusions

The effects of VEN, PAR or BUP alone and in combination on measures of memory are variable and vary as a function of the pharmacodynamics profile of each drug as well as the specific memory paradigm.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil

    Carlos Eduardo de Souza Menezes, Adriano José Maia Chaves Filho, Silvânia Maria Mendes Vasconcelos, Francisca Cléa Florenço de Sousa & Danielle Macêdo

  2. Department of Psychiatry, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Roger S. McIntyre & André F. Carvalho

  3. Laboratory of Neurosciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil

    João Quevedo

  4. Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA

    João Quevedo

  5. Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA

    João Quevedo

  6. Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA

    João Quevedo

  7. Laboratory of Neurosciences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil

    João Quevedo

  8. Department of Psychiatry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece

    Thomas N. Hyphantis

  9. Centre for Addiction & Mental Health (CAMH), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    André F. Carvalho

  10. National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM, CNPq), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

    Danielle Macêdo

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de Souza Menezes, C.E., McIntyre, R.S., Chaves Filho, A.J.M. et al. The effect of paroxetine, venlafaxine and bupropion administration alone and combined on spatial and aversive memory performance in rats. Pharmacol. Rep 70, 1173–1179 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharep.2018.07.003

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