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Article
Open AccessDistinctive roles of translesion polymerases DinB1 and DnaE2 in diversification of the mycobacterial genome through substitution and frameshift mutagenesis
Antibiotic resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is exclusively a consequence of chromosomal mutations. Translesion synthesis (TLS) is a widely conserved mechanism of DNA damage tolerance and mutagenesis, exec...
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Article
Open AccessStructure of tRNA splicing enzyme Tpt1 illuminates the mechanism of RNA 2′-PO4 recognition and ADP-ribosylation
Tpt1 is an essential agent of fungal tRNA splicing that removes the 2′-PO4 at the splice junction generated by fungal tRNA ligase. Tpt1 catalyzes a unique two-step reaction whereby the 2′-PO4 attacks NAD+ to form...
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Article
Open Access31st Annual Meeting and Associated Programs of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC 2016): part two
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Article
Sequence-specific 1H, 13C and 15N assignments of the phosphoesterase (PE) domain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa DNA ligase D (LigD)
DNA ligase D (LigD), consisting of polymerase, ligase and phosphoesterase domains, is the essential catalyst of the bacterial non-homologous end-joining pathway of DNA double-strand break repair. The phosphoes...
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Article
Crucial role for DNA ligase III in mitochondria but not in Xrcc1-dependent repair
Mammalian cells contain three different DNA ligase enzymes, each with different properties but all involved in DNA replication and repair. Ligase III (Lig3) is known to form a complex with the nuclear DNA repa...
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Article
Sequence-specific 1HN, 13C, and 15N backbone resonance assignments of the 34 kDa Paramecium bursaria Chlorella virus 1 (PBCV1) DNA ligase
Chlorella virus DNA ligase (ChVLig) is a minimal (298-amino acid) pluripotent ATP-dependent ligase composed of three structural modules—a nucleotidyltransferase domain, an OB domain, and a β-hairpin latch—that...
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Article
Bacterial DNA repair by non-homologous end joining
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) pose an acute threat to the survival of all cells. There are two major pathways of DSB repair — homologous recombination (HR) a...
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Article
Structural basis for nick recognition by a minimal pluripotent DNA ligase
Chlorella virus DNA ligase, the smallest eukaryotic ligase known, has pluripotent biological activity and an intrinsic nick-sensing function, despite having none of the accessory domains found in cellular liga...
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Article
Mechanism of nonhomologous end-joining in mycobacteria: a low-fidelity repair system driven by Ku, ligase D and ligase C
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) can be repaired either via homologous recombination (HR) or nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ). Both pathways are operative in eukaryotes, but bacteria had been thought to rely on...
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Article
Identification of microRNAs of the herpesvirus family
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV or HHV4), a member of the human herpesvirus (HHV) family, has recently been shown to encode microRNAs (miRNAs). In contrast to most eukaryotic miRNAs, these viral miRNAs do not have clo...
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Article
Friction and torque govern the relaxation of DNA supercoils by eukaryotic topoisomerase IB
The manoeuvres involved in replication and transcription lead to a build-up of twisting or torsional strain in DNA, and the job of relieving the strain falls to the topoisomerases. Type IB topoisomerases (TopI...
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Article
What messenger RNA cap** tells us about eukaryotic evolution
The 5′ cap is a unique feature of eukaryotic cellular and viral messenger RNA that is absent from the bacterial and archaeal domains of life. The cap is formed by three enzymatic reactions at the 5′ terminus o...
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Article
Open AccessRNA triphosphatase is essential in Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Candida albicans
The first two steps in the cap** of cellular mRNAs are catalyzed by the enzymes RNA triphosphatase and RNA guanylyltransferase. Although structural and mechanistic differences between fungal and mammalian RN...
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Analysis of Topoisomerase-DNA Interactions by Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay
DNA topoisomerases break and rejoin DNA strands through a covalent pro-tein-DNA intermediate. The reaction chemistry involves nucleophilic attack by a tyrosine moiety of the enzyme on the phosphodiester backbo...
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Article
The DExH protein NPH-II is a processive and directional motor for unwinding RNA
All aspects of cellular RNA metabolism and processing involve DExH/D proteins, which are a family of enzymes that unwind or manipulate RNA in an ATP-dependent fashion1. DExH/D proteins are also essential for the ...
