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Article
Open AccessThe role of accelerometer-derived sleep traits on glycated haemoglobin and glucose levels: a Mendelian randomization study
Self-reported shorter/longer sleep duration, insomnia, and evening preference are associated with hyperglycaemia in observational analyses, with similar observations in small studies using accelerometer-derive...
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Article
Open AccessSafety and effectiveness of SGLT2 inhibitors in a UK population with type 2 diabetes and aged over 70 years: an instrumental variable approach
Older adults are under-represented in trials, meaning the benefits and risks of glucose-lowering agents in this age group are unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and effectiveness of sodium...
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Article
Open AccessPhenotype-based targeted treatment of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes
A precision medicine approach in type 2 diabetes could enhance targeting specific glucose-lowering therapies to individual patients most likely to benefit. We aimed to use the recently developed Bayesian causa...
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Article
Open AccessPolygenic scores for cardiovascular risk factors improve estimation of clinical outcomes in CCB treatment compared to pharmacogenetic variants alone
Pharmacogenetic variants are associated with clinical outcomes during Calcium Channel Blocker (CCB) treatment, yet whether the effects are modified by genetically predicted clinical risk factors is unknown. We...
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Article
Open AccessSmoking during pregnancy and its effect on placental weight: a Mendelian randomization study
The causal relationship between maternal smoking in pregnancy and reduced offspring birth weight is well established and is likely due to impaired placental function. However, observational studies have given ...
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Article
Open AccessDirichlet process mixture models to impute missing predictor data in counterfactual prediction models: an application to predict optimal type 2 diabetes therapy
The handling of missing data is a challenge for inference and regression modelling. A particular challenge is dealing with missing predictor information, particularly when trying to build and make predictions ...
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Article
Open AccessEffects of physical activity and sedentary time on depression, anxiety and well-being: a bidirectional Mendelian randomisation study
Mental health conditions represent one of the major groups of non-transmissible diseases. Physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (ST) have been shown to affect mental health outcomes in opposite directions....
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Article
Open AccessBody mass index and inflammation in depression and treatment-resistant depression: a Mendelian randomisation study
Major depressive disorder (MDD) has a significant impact on global burden of disease. Complications in clinical management can occur when response to pharmacological modalities is considered inadequate and sym...
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Article
Open AccessAssociation between circadian physical activity patterns and mortality in the UK Biobank
The benefit of physical activity (PA) for increasing longevity is well-established, however, the impact of diurnal timing of PA on mortality remains poorly understood. We aimed to derive circadian PA patterns ...
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Article
Open AccessBMI and well-being in people of East Asian and European ancestry: a Mendelian randomisation study
Previous studies have linked higher body mass index (BMI) to lower subjective well-being in adult European ancestry populations. However, our understanding of these relationships across different populations i...
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Article
Open AccessMendelian randomisation study of body composition and depression in people of East Asian ancestry highlights potential setting-specific causality
Extensive evidence links higher body mass index (BMI) to higher odds of depression in people of European ancestry. However, our understanding of the relationship across different settings and ancestries is lim...
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Article
Open AccessShould RECOVERY have used response adaptive randomisation? Evidence from a simulation study
The Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy (RECOVERY) trial is aimed at addressing the urgent need to find effective treatments for patients hospitalised with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. The trial has ...
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Article
Open AccessApplying Mendelian randomization to appraise causality in relationships between nutrition and cancer
Dietary factors are assumed to play an important role in cancer risk, apparent in consensus recommendations for cancer prevention that promote nutritional changes. However, the evidence in this field has been ...
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Article
Open AccessRealising the full potential of MR-PHeWAS in cancer
MR-PHeWAS is a powerful new design for discovering causal mechanisms between a disease and its many candidate risk factors in a hypothesis-free manner. This technique has great potential in the field of cancer...
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Article
Open AccessGenome-wide association analysis of self-reported daytime sleepiness identifies 42 loci that suggest biological subtypes
Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) affects 10–20% of the population and is associated with substantial functional deficits. Here, we identify 42 loci for self-reported daytime sleepiness in GWAS of 452,071 ind...
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Article
Open AccessMendelian randomisation analysis of the effect of educational attainment and cognitive ability on smoking behaviour
Recent analyses have shown educational attainment to be associated with a number of health outcomes. This association may, in part, be due to an effect of educational attainment on smoking behaviour. In this s...
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Article
Open AccessGenome-wide association study identifies genetic loci for self-reported habitual sleep duration supported by accelerometer-derived estimates
Sleep is an essential state of decreased activity and alertness but molecular factors regulating sleep duration remain unknown. Through genome-wide association analysis in 446,118 adults of European ancestry f...
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Article
Biological and clinical insights from genetics of insomnia symptoms
Insomnia is a common disorder linked with adverse long-term medical and psychiatric outcomes. The underlying pathophysiological processes and causal relationships of insomnia with disease are poorly understood...
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Article
Open AccessGenome-wide association analyses of chronotype in 697,828 individuals provides insights into circadian rhythms
Being a morning person is a behavioural indicator of a person’s underlying circadian rhythm. Using genome-wide data from 697,828 UK Biobank and 23andMe participants we increase the number of genetic loci assoc...
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Article
Age at menarche and adult body mass index: a Mendelian randomization study
Pubertal timing has psychological and physical sequelae. While observational studies have demonstrated an association between age at menarche and adult body mass index (BMI), confounding makes it difficult to ...
