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Chapter
Metabolic Studies of Thiopurinol in Man and the Pig
Thiopurinol (mercapto-4-pyrazolo (3,4-d) pyrimidine) differs in structure from Allopurinol only by the substitution of a SH (thiol) group for an OH group on the 4-carbon atom. Delbarre and co-workers in 1968 d...
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Chapter
Effects of Allopurinol and Oxonic Acid on Pyrimidine Metabolism in the Pig
Pigs given allopurinol showed an increase in urinary orotic acid and orotidine excretion from a mean of 5 mg to a mean of 50 mg/24 hours. Although the dose of allopurinol was constant the levels of orotic acid...
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Chapter
The Effect of Allopurinol on Oral Purine Absorption and Excretion in the Pig
Allopurinol therapy in hyperuricaemic man has been shown to be advantageous from two points of view. Firstly, it reduces urinary uric acid excretion and increases the excretion of the precursor purines xanthin...
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Chapter
The Pig as an Animal Model for Purine Metabolic Studies
Small laboratory rodents have many disadvantages for the study of purine metabolism in relation to human disease. They normally pass their purine metabolites in much smaller volumes of urine both in relation t...
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Chapter
A New Cause of Urinary Calculi: 2,8-Dihydroxyadenine Stones in Supposed ‘Uric Acid’ Crystalluria
Most stones found in the human urinary tract are formed from common urinary constituents: calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate and ammonium magnesium phosphate. In situations of dehydration, aciduria or uric aci...
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Chapter
Thiopurinol: Dose-Related Effect on Urinary Oxypurine Excretion
Thiopurinol (mercapto-4-pyrazolo-(3,4-d)pyrimidine) has been shown to effectively reduce both plasma and urinary uric acid levels in the treatment of gout (2,4,5). These effects were observed without showing a...
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Chapter
Metabolism of Intravenous Adenine in the Pig
Although adenine is widely distributed throughout mammalian tissues; either in the form of the energy-rich adenine nucleotides, in combination as the nucleic acids, or the essential enzymes and co-factors such...
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Chapter
Complete Deficiency of Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase: Report of a Family
The study of inborn errors of purine metabolism in man has led to a better understanding of the latter. Deficiencies of enzymes involved in the purine reutilization pathways mainly concern the hypoxanthine-gua...
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Chapter
Purine Excretion in Complete Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase Deficiency: Effect of Diet and Allopurinol Therapy
Partial adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRTase) deficiency has been considered hitherto as relatively benign in that the only detectable abnormality of purine metabolism has been hyperuricaemia varyingly a...
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Chapter
The Effect of Acid Loading on Renal Excretion of Uric Acid and Ammonium in Gout
A defect of ammonium production associated with a relatively acid urine has been described in patients with both gout (1) and idiopathic uric acid stone formation (2).
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Article
Careers for researchers
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Chapter
Adenosine and Deoxyadenosine Metabolism in the Erythrocytes of a Patient with Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency
The excretion of deoxyadenosine in the urine1,2 and the accumulation of adenine deoxynucleotides in erythrocytes3,4 and lymphocytes4 have now been reported in several cases of adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency...
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Chapter
Renal Failure in Young Subjects with Familial Gout
The classical patient with gout is usually an older male, and gout is rare in premenopausal females1. Until recently, renal failure was common in gout2, but is now rare3. Renal involvement however, as judged by l...
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Chapter
A Rapid Screening Method for Inborn Errors of Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism Using Isotachophoresis
Isotachophoresis has recently been used in the analysis of purine nucleotides and amino acids1,2. The speed, sensitivity and high resolving power of this relatively new technique suggested it might have potential...
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Chapter
Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism in Hereditary Oroticaciduria During a 15 Year Follow-Up Study
Pyrimidines and purines are vital to the body; each has many important independent functions, as well as being essential components of DNA and RNA.
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Chapter
Tienilic Acid in the Treatment of Gout and Hypertension
Hypertension is not infrequently associated with gout.1 In this context, diuretics are often precluded because they invariably accentuate hyperuricaemia. The advent of tienilic acid, a diuretic with hypotensive a...
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Chapter
Spectrum of 2,8-Dihydroxyadenine Urolithiasis in Complete APRT Deficiency
The identification of 2,8-dihydroxyadenine (2,8-DHA), a uric acid analogue characterised by its extreme insolubility, as the principal component of so-called ‘uric acid’ stones in a young male child, was origi...
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Chapter
Inheritance of Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) Deficiency
Recognition of the importance of the enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) in the control of purine metabolism lead to systematic investigations of the companion purine salvage enzyme, ...
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Chapter
Differential Absorption of Purine Nucleotides, Nucleosides and Bases
Substantial contributions to our knowledge of purine metabolism and the origin and elimination of uric acid, have been made from studies in man and animals. Studies early in the century1 established that the body...
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Chapter
A Controlled Study of the Effect of Long Term Allopurinol Treatment on Renal Function in Gout
An association between gout and kidney dysfunction has been long recognised. It is a reasonable presumption that gout might be the cause of the renal disease.1 Hypertension, urolithiasis and urinary infection may...
