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Article
Structures, mechanisms and applications of RNA-centric CRISPR–Cas13
Prokaryotes are equipped with a variety of resistance strategies to survive frequent viral attacks or invading mobile genetic elements. Among these, CRISPR–Cas surveillance systems are abundant and have been s...
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IS607 TnpB is a hypercompact RNA-guided DNA endonuclease
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Fanzors: Striking expansion of RNA-guided endonucleases to eukaryotes
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Open AccessThe CRISPR effector Cam1 mediates membrane depolarization for phage defence
Prokaryotic type III CRISPR–Cas systems provide immunity against viruses and plasmids using CRISPR-associated Rossman fold (CARF) protein effectors1–5. Recognition of transcripts of these invaders with sequences ...
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Article
Atypical bacterial Argonautes regulate antiphage defense
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cGAMP-activated cGAS–STING signaling: its bacterial origins and evolutionary adaptation by metazoans
The metazoan cGAMP-activated cGAS–STING innate immunity pathway is triggered in response to genomic instability and DNA damage, thereby providing host defense against microbial pathogens. This pathway also imp...
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A structural platform for B cell receptor signaling
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A ‘warhorse-shaped’ topology adopted by the m6A RNA writer complex
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A type III-E CRISPR Craspase exhibiting RNase and protease activities
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Open AccessDiscovery of SARS-CoV-2 antiviral synergy between remdesivir and approved drugs in human lung cells
SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused an ongoing global pandemic with significant mortality and morbidity. At this time, the only FDA-approved therapeutic for COVID-19 is remdesivir, a broad-spectrum anti...
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Cofactor-assisted dicing: insights from structural snapshots
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Structure-based evolutionary relationship between IscB and Cas9
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Publisher Correction: The transcriptional regulator HDP1 controls expansion of the inner membrane complex during early sexual differentiation of malaria parasites
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Open AccessCombination of antiviral drugs inhibits SARS-CoV-2 polymerase and exonuclease and demonstrates COVID-19 therapeutic potential in viral cell culture
SARS-CoV-2 has an exonuclease-based proofreader, which removes nucleotide inhibitors such as Remdesivir that are incorporated into the viral RNA during replication, reducing the efficacy of these drugs for tre...
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The transcriptional regulator HDP1 controls expansion of the inner membrane complex during early sexual differentiation of malaria parasites
Transmission of Plasmodium falciparum and other malaria parasites requires their differentiation from asexual blood stages into gametocytes, the non-replicative sexual stage necessary to infect the mosquito vecto...
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Article
Panoramix SUMOylation on chromatin connects the piRNA pathway to the cellular heterochromatin machinery
Nuclear Argonaute proteins, guided by small RNAs, mediate sequence-specific heterochromatin formation. The molecular principles that link Argonaute-small RNA complexes to cellular heterochromatin effectors on ...
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Article
Structure-based functional mechanisms and biotechnology applications of anti-CRISPR proteins
CRISPR loci and Cas proteins provide adaptive immunity in prokaryotes against invading bacteriophages and plasmids. In response, bacteriophages have evolved a broad spectrum of anti-CRISPR proteins (anti-CRISP...
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Article
Open AccessBinding of guide piRNA triggers methylation of the unstructured N-terminal region of Aub leading to assembly of the piRNA amplification complex
PIWI proteins use guide piRNAs to repress selfish genomic elements, protecting the genomic integrity of gametes and ensuring the fertility of animal species. Efficient transposon repression depends on amplific...
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Open AccessDNMT1 reads heterochromatic H4K20me3 to reinforce LINE-1 DNA methylation
DNA methylation and trimethylated histone H4 Lysine 20 (H4K20me3) constitute two important heterochromatin-enriched marks that frequently cooperate in silencing repetitive elements of the mammalian genome. How...
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DNA-driven condensation assembles the meiotic DNA break machinery
The accurate segregation of chromosomes during meiosis—which is critical for genome stability across sexual cycles—relies on homologous recombination initiated by DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) made by the Sp...
