22 Result(s)
within
Conference Paper
M. Gaab
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Optimized Demonstration of Cerebral Blood Flow with Colour Coded Xenon CT
In the last 18 months we have investigated 250 patients with stable-xenon enhanced x-ray transmission computed tomography (Xe CT) as a noninvasive technique for imaging of cerebral blood flow (CBF). This dynam...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Routine Computerized Neuromonitoring
In modern coronary care units and general intensive care units a variety of organ functions are monitored with computer assistance (Osswald 1985). In contrast, monitoring of the brain is usually dependent on f...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
CBF, O2-Tension and O2-Metabolism in Vasogenic Brain Edema and the Effects of Dexamethasone and Nimodipine
The high oxygen consumption of the healthy brain and its possible impairment by hypoxia provoke the question regarding O2-tension, O2-consumption and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in injured brain and on the effects ...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Chronic Subdural Haematoma
The chronic subdural hematoma is defined as a clearly encapsulated accumulation of fluid between the dura and arachnoid membrane (11), generally occurring after slight brain trauma, often without apparent cause (
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Chapter and Conference Paper
ICP and EEG in Various Forms of Cerebral Seizures
Cerebral seizures lead to an increase in cerebral blood flow (CBF). The increased blood flow is brought about by vascular dilatation created by a reduced pH due to raised CO2 and increased lactate(l). It can also...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Beobachtung von Verlauf und therapeutischer Beeinflussung des intrakraniellen Druckes mit miniaturisierten gering invasiven Methoden
Der intrakranielle Druck ist ein für das Überleben des Gehirnes ebenso wichtiger Parameter wie der arterielle Blutdruck und eine genügende Sauerstoff- und Glukoseversorgung [8, 5, 19]. Ein Anstieg des intrakra...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Effect of Tham on ICP, EEG and Tissue Edema Parameters in Experimental and Clinical Brain Edema
In the treatment of brain swelling, it is not only necessary to reduce the elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), which is a symptom, but also to counteract the causal pathogenetic factors, one of which is the ...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Osmoregulation, Hirnschaden und Prognose
In den vergangenen Jahren wurde mehrfach über diencephal bedingte Regulationsstörungen wie Hyperglykämie, Azotämie und Hyperthermie nach Schädel-Hirn-Traumen (SHT) berichtet (4, 8, 9). Auch die Regulation des ...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Effect of some Analgesics, Sedatives and I.V. Anesthetics on ICP in Man
Analgesics and sedatives are widely used in neurosurgical anesthesia and in the intensive care unit. Intravenous anesthetics may be given to rapidly lower an elevated ICP. In the following study the effect of ...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Pathognesis of Chronic Subdural Hematoma. ICP, Biochemical and Morphological Findings
The chronic subdural hematoma is characterized by a clearly encapsulated accumulation of fluid between the dura and arachnoidea (6). Despite its large space-occupation, clinical symptoms only slowly become app...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Osmoregulation, Brain Damage and Prognosis
In recent years, many reports have appeared on the central regulatory disturbances following brain trauma, in which hyperglycemia (9, 22), azotaemia (5) and hyperthermia (20) have been interpreted as the conseque...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Alterations of CSF Hydrodynamics Following Meningitis and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Adult communicating hydrocephalus (characterized by low or normal CSF pressure) develops from an acute stage with increased intracranial pressure. This was demonstrated by various hydrodynamic parameters which...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
The Prognostic Value of Osmolality Within the First Week of Sustaining Head Injury
On sustaining severe brain damage, there generally follow disturbances of metabolic regulation. The latter is a central function of the diencephalon10 and brain stem7. Thus several groups have monitored various b...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Prognostic Information From EEG and ICP Monitoring After Severe Closed Head Injuries in the Early Post-Traumatic Phase
In conventional EEG recordings, an amplitude flattening and slowing of frequency is found in the first hours after severe enclosed head injuries, without correlation with clouding of consciousness and prognosi...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Comparison of the Effects of Osmotherapeutic Agents, Hyperventilation, and Tromethamine (THAM) on Brain Pressure and Electric Activity of the Brain in Experimental and Clinical Brain Edema
In the presence of brain edema, intracranial pressure (ICP) is raised by the space-occupying swelling of the brain (14), whereas cerebral perfusion pressure is reduced and the pH of the brain tissue falls (3). Th...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Disorders of CSF Circulation After Interventions in the Area of the Posterior Cranial Fossa With Prior Shunt Operation
Compressing processes in the posterior cranial fossa very often cause hydrocephalus (3). This frequently appears earlier than the “local signs,” e.q., cerebellar ataxia, disorders of the eye, or cranial nerves. S...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Miniaturized Methods of Monitoring Intracranial Pressure in Craniocerebral Trauma Before and After Operation
One of the essential problems in brain injuries is the early recognition, diagnostic clarification, and precise treatment of post-traumatic increases in intracranial pressure (1, 4, 7). A continuous monitoring of...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Critical Intracranial Effects of Osmotherapy
Shortly following the discovery, by WEED and McKIBBEN in 1919 (27), that intracranial pressure was reduced by intravenous hyperosmolar infusions, this treatment gained clinical, application. BURGER (5) termed thi...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Long-Term Measurements of the Intraventricular Pressure in Patients with Normal-Pressure Hydrocephalus
The syndrome of normal-pressure hydrocephalus, termed “active hydrocephalus” by UMBACH (1971), is characterized by the appearance of certain symptoms, mostly in the very old. Decrease in efficiency with genera...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Advanced Cytological Techniques in the Examination of Human Cerebrospinal Fluid
A morphological examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cells is useful in the clinical diagnosis of most of the inflammatory and of some neoplastic and vascular diseases of the central nervous system (15). V...
