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    Chapter

    Structure and Activity of Endotoxins

    Gram-negative bacteria comprise a great number of pathogenic microorganisms causing a variety of diseases in mammals, including man. Many of the clinical symptoms observed following an infection with gram-nega...

    S. Hauschildt, W. Brabetz, A. B. Schromm, L. Hamann, P. Zabel… in Bacterial Protein Toxins (2000)

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    Chapter

    Bacterial Endotoxin: Chemical Constitution, Biological Recognition, Host Response, and Immunological Detoxification

    The discovery of endotoxin dates from the late nineteenth century when Richard Pfeiffer, then working in Berlin, characterized endotoxins as heat-stable and cell-associated molecules (Westphal et al. 1977), thus ...

    E. T. Rietschel, H. Brade, O. Holst, L. Brade… in Pathology of Septic Shock (1996)

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    Chapter

    The Active Principle of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides (Endotoxins) for Cytokine Induction

    Toxic agents in bacterial cultures have been discov ered in the last decades of the nineteenth century. Pfeiffer described endotoxic in addition to exotoxic activities (Pfeiffer 1892), which include fever (Cen...

    H. Loppnow, H.-D. Flad, E. T. Rietschel… in Pathophysiology of Shock, Sepsis, and Orga… (1993)