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Article
Open AccessFunctional consequences of copy number variants in miscarriage
The presence of unique copy number variations (CNVs) in miscarriages suggests that their integral genes have a role in maintaining early pregnancy. In our previous work, we identified 19 unique CNVs in ~40% of...
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Article
Open AccessGonadotropin-releasing hormone type II (GnRH-II) agonist regulates the invasiveness of endometrial cancer cells through the GnRH-I receptor and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-dependent activation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2
More than 25% of patients diagnosed with endometrial carcinoma have an invasive primary cancer accompanied by metastases. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) plays an important role in reproduction. In mamma...
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Article
Open AccessExpression of calbindin-D28k and its regulation by estrogen in the human endometrium during the menstrual cycle
Human endometrium resists embryo implantation except during the 'window of receptivity'. A change in endometrial gene expression is required for the development of receptivity. Uterine calbindin-D28k (CaBP-28k...
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Article
Open AccessHomeobox A7 increases cell proliferation by up-regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor expression in human granulosa cells
Homeobox (HOX) genes encode transcription factors, which regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, and migration. The deregulation of HOX genes is frequently associated with human reproductive sy...
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Article
Open AccessAntiproliferative effect of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) antagonist on ovarian cancer cells through the EGFR-Akt pathway
Antagonists of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) are being developed for the treatment of various human cancers.
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Article
Open AccessInvolvement of cyclin B1 in progesterone-mediated cell growth inhibition, G2/M cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in human endometrial cell
Progesterone plays an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of human endometrial cells (hECs). Large-dose treatment with progesterone has been used for treatment of endometrial proliferative ...
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Article
Open AccessLeptin interferes with 3',5'-Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) signaling to inhibit steroidogenesis in human granulosa cells
Obesity has been linked to an increased risk of female infertility. Leptin, an adipocytokine which is elevated during obesity, may influence gonadal function through modulating steroidogenesis in granulosa cells.
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Article
Open AccessGonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-I and GnRH-II induce cell growth inhibition in human endometrial cancer cells: Involvement of integrin beta3 and focal adhesion kinase
Endometrial carcinoma is the most common neoplasm of the female genital tract, accounting for nearly one half of all gynecologic cancers in the Western world. Although intensive research on pathological phenom...
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Article
Open AccessHOX cofactors expression and regulation in the human ovary
HOX cofactors enhance HOX binding affinities and specificities and increase HOX's unique functional activities. The expression and the regulation of HOX cofactors in human ovaries are unknown.
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Article
Open AccessIdentification of estrogen-regulated genes by microarray analysis of the uterus of immature rats exposed to endocrine disrupting chemicals
Environmental estrogenic compounds which bind to the estrogen receptor (ER) can block or alter endogenous functions of estrogen in reproductive and developmental stages. A microarray technology is a very valua...
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Article
Open AccessBiology and physiology of Calbindin-D9k in female reproductive tissues: Involvement of steroids and endocrine disruptors
Although Calbindin-D9k (CaBP-9k), a cytosolic calcium binding protein which has calcium binding sites, is expressed in various tissues, i.e., intestine, uterus, and placenta, potential roles of this gene and i...
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Article
Open AccessMitogen-activated protein kinases in normal and (pre)neoplastic ovarian surface epithelium
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are a group of serine/threonine kinases which are activated in response to a diverse array of extracellular stimuli and mediate signal transduction from the cell surfa...
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Article
Open AccessActivin-A up-regulates type I activin receptor mRNA levels in human immortalized extravillous trophoblast cells.
Activin is known to play an important regulatory role in reproduction, including pregnancy. To further examine the role and signaling mechanism of activin in regulating placental function, the steady-state lev...
