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Open AccessGenomic skimming and nanopore sequencing uncover cryptic hybridization in one of world’s most threatened primates
The Brazilian buffy-tufted-ear marmoset (Callithrix aurita), one of the world’s most endangered primates, is threatened by anthropogenic hybridization with exotic, invasive marmoset species. As there are few gene...
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Article
Nomenclature report on the major histocompatibility complex genes and alleles of the laboratory rat (Rattus norvegicus)
The laboratory rat (Rattus norvegicus) has a long tradition as experimental animal in transplantation and autoimmunity research and, hence, there has been an inherent interest in its major histocompatibility comp...
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Article
Correction to: Nomenclature report 2019: major histocompatibility complex genes and alleles of great and small ape and old and new world monkey species
The original version of this article contained a spelling error in the Acknowledgments regarding the name of the funding organisation supporting GM and JAH. UKRI-BBSCR should have been UKRI-BBSRC, as is now in...
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Article
Nomenclature report 2019: major histocompatibility complex genes and alleles of Great and Small Ape and Old and New World monkey species
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is central to the innate and adaptive immune responses of jawed vertebrates. Characteristic of the MHC are high gene density, gene copy number variation, and allelic ...
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Article
Nomenclature report for killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) in macaque species: new genes/alleles, renaming recombinant entities and IPD-NHKIR updates
The Killer-cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptors (KIR) are encoded by a diverse group of genes, which are characterized by allelic polymorphism, gene duplications, and recombinations, which may generate recombina...
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Article
Open AccessNomenclature for the KIR of non-human species
The increasing number of Killer Immunoglobulin-like Receptor (KIR) sequences available for non-human primate species and cattle has prompted development of a centralized database, guidelines for a standardized...
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Article
Open AccessAgeing-associated DNA methylation dynamics are a molecular readout of lifespan variation among mammalian species
Mammalian species exhibit a wide range of lifespans. To date, a robust and dynamic molecular readout of these lifespan differences has not yet been identified. Recent studies have established the existence of ...
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Article
Genomik des KIR/HLA-Systems und Regulation von NK-Lymphozyten
Natural killer (NK) lymphocytes kill infected and tumorous cells. A balance of stimulatory and inhibitory receptor signals determine their activity. The most important NK cell receptors are the polymorphic kil...
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Article
Open AccessThe MICA-129Met/Val dimorphism affects plasma membrane expression and shedding of the NKG2D ligand MICA
The MHC class I chain-related molecule A (MICA) is a ligand for the activating natural killer (NK) cell receptor NKG2D. A polymorphism causing a valine to methionine exchange at position 129 affects binding to...
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Article
Targeting α4β7 integrin reduces mucosal transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus and protects gut-associated lymphoid tissue from infection
Aftab Ansari and his colleagues show that antibody-mediated masking of α4β7 integrin impedes intravaginal transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus in macaques.
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Article
Open AccessDifferentiated adaptive evolution, episodic relaxation of selective constraints, and pseudogenization of umami and sweet taste genes TAS1Rs in catarrhine primates
Umami and sweet tastes are two important basic taste perceptions that allow animals to recognize diets with nutritious carbohydrates and proteins, respectively. Until recently, analyses of umami and sweet tast...
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Article
Open AccessGibbon genome and the fast karyotype evolution of small apes
Gibbons are small arboreal apes that display an accelerated rate of evolutionary chromosomal rearrangement and occupy a key node in the primate phylogeny between Old World monkeys and great apes. Here we prese...
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Article
Genetic variation in the major histocompatibility complex of the European brown hare (Lepus europaeus) across distinct phylogeographic areas
The major histocompatibility complex is one of the best studied systems in vertebrates providing evidence for the long-term action of selection. Here, we examined the intra- and inter-population genetic diversity...
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Article
Vγ9 and Vδ2 T cell antigen receptor genes and butyrophilin 3 (BTN3) emerged with placental mammals and are concomitantly preserved in selected species like alpaca (Vicugna pacos)
Human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells recognize phosphorylated products of isoprenoid metabolism (phosphoantigens) PAg with TCR comprising Vγ9JP γ-chains and Vδ2 δ-chains dependent on butyrophilin 3 (BTN3) expressed by antigen...
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Article
Open AccessHuman-specific epigenetic variation in the immunological Leukotriene B4 Receptor (LTB4R/BLT1) implicated in common inflammatory diseases
Common human diseases are caused by the complex interplay of genetic susceptibility as well as environmental factors. Due to the environment’s influence on the epigenome, and therefore genome function, as well...
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Article
Open AccessCharacterisation of mouse monoclonal antibodies against rhesus macaque killer immunoglobulin-like receptors KIR3D
Killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) represent a highly polymorphic and diverse gene family in rhesus macaques. Analyses of the respective gene products have been hampered until now due to non-availabil...
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Article
Nomenclature report on the major histocompatibility complex genes and alleles of Great Ape, Old and New World monkey species
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays a central role in the adaptive immune response. The MHC region is characterised by a high gene density, and most of these genes display considerable polymorphis...
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Article
Rhesus macaque KIR bind human MHC class I with broad specificity and recognize HLA-C more effectively than HLA-A and HLA-B
Human killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) recognize A3/11, Bw4, C1, and C2 epitopes carried by mutually exclusive subsets of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A, -B, and -C allotypes. Chimpanzee and or...
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Article
Comparative genome analysis of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I B/C segments in primates elucidated by genomic sequencing in common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)
Common marmoset monkeys (Callithrix jacchus) have emerged as important animal models for biomedical research, necessitating a more extensive characterization of their major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region...
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Article
Open AccessGenetic regulation of parasite infection: empirical evidence of the functional significance of an IL4 gene SNP on nematode infections in wild primates
Susceptibility to parasite infection affects fitness-related processes, such as mate choice and survival, yet its genetic regulation remains poorly understood. Interleukin-4 (IL4) plays a central role in the humo...
