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Article
Open AccessHuman endogenous retroviruses sustain complex and cooperative regulation of gene-containing loci and unannotated megabase-sized regions
Evidence suggests that some human endogenous retroviruses and endogenous retrovirus-like repeats (here collectively ERVs) regulate the expression of neighboring genes in normal and disease states; e.g. the hum...
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Article
Open AccessNovel principles of gamma-retroviral insertional transcription activation in murine leukemia virus-induced end-stage tumors
Insertional mutagenesis screens of retrovirus-induced mouse tumors have proven valuable in human cancer research and for understanding adverse effects of retroviral-based gene therapies. In previous studies, t...
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Article
Septin9 is involved in T-cell development and CD8+ T-cell homeostasis
SEPTIN9 (SEPT9) is a filament-forming protein involved in numerous cellular processes. We have used a conditional knock out allele of Sept9 to specifically delete Sept9 in T-cells. As shown by fluorescence-activa...
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Chapter
Retroviruses and Cell Fusions: Overview
Retroviruses are a large and diverse group of enveloped animal viruses. A metastable envelope protein (ENV) on the surface of virus particles harbors a machinery for receptor-dependent fusion of biological mem...
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Article
Open AccessA retroviral mutagenesis screen identifies Cd74 as a common insertion site in murine B-lymphomas and reveals the existence of a novel IFNγ-inducible Cd74 isoform
Insertional mutagenesis screens in the mouse are an acknowledged approach to identify genes involved in the pathogenesis of cancer. The potential of these screens to identify genes causally involved in tumorig...
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Article
Open AccessCoupling of receptor interference and a host-dependent post-binding entry deficiency in a gammaretroviral envelope protein
SL3-2 is a unique polytropic murine gammaretroviral isolate that is only able to infect murine cells. We have previously shown that two mutations R212G and T213I located on the surface of the receptor binding ...
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Article
Open AccessIdentification of novel Bach2 transcripts and protein isoforms through tagging analysis of retroviral integrations in B-cell lymphomas
The Bach2 gene functions as a transcriptional repressor in B-cells, showing high expression level only before the plasma cell stage. Several lines of evidence indicate that Bach2 is a B-cell specific tumor suppre...
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Article
Open AccessGene conversion and purifying selection of a placenta-specific ERV-V envelope gene during simian evolution
Most human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) invaded our genome at least 25 million years ago. The majority of the viral genes are degenerated, since no selection preserves them within the genome. However, a few...
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Article
Open AccessImpairment of alternative splice sites defining a novel gammaretroviral exon within gagmodifies the oncogenic properties of Akv murine leukemia virus
Mutations of an alternative splice donor site located within the gag region has previously been shown to broaden the pathogenic potential of the T-lymphomagenic gammaretrovirus Moloney murine leukemia virus, whil...
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Article
Open AccessMolecular strategies to inhibit HIV-1 replication
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is the primary cause of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which is a slow, progressive and degenerative disease of the human immune system. The path...
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Article
Open AccessIdentification of endogenous retroviral reading frames in the human genome
Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) comprise a large class of repetitive retroelements. Most HERVs are ancient and invaded our genome at least 25 million years ago, except for the evolutionary young HERV-K g...
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Article
Open AccessA murine leukemia virus with Cre-LoxP excisible coding sequences allowing superinfection, transgene delivery, and generation of host genomic deletions
To generate a replication-competent retrovirus that could be conditionally inactivated, we flanked the viral genes of the Akv murine leukemia virus with LoxP sites. This provirus can delete its envelope gene b...
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Article
Genetic reassortment and patch repair by recombination in retroviruses
Retroviral particles contain a diploid RNA genome which serves as template for the synthesis of double-stranded DNA in a complex process guided by virus-encoded reverse transcriptase. The dimeric nature of the...
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Chapter
Transcriptional Control by Retroviral LTR Regions
Murine leukemia viruses represent a polymorphic group of retroviruses. Individual isolates differ in species and tissue tropism and in their specificity and potency of pathogenic properties. Some viruses induc...
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Article
An MuLV transmission vector system designed to permit recovery inE.Coli of proviral and cellular flanking sequences
We have introduced a bacterial suppressor gene (supF) into the long terminal repeat of a molecular clone of the murine leukemia virus (MuLV) SL3-3. A panel of replication competent virus was derived that replicat...
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Article
Novel leukaemogenic retroviruses isolated from cell line derived from spontaneous AKR tumour
Viruses isolated from leukaemic and preleukaemic tissues of the AKR mouse differ in their ability to induce thymic lymphomas. The Gross passage A virus, which originates from the thymus of a leukaemic AKR mouse1,...
