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  1. No Access

    Article

    The Role of O2 and H2O Impurities in Dictating the Oxidation Mechanism and Protective Capacity of 9Cr Steels in Hot CO2

    The initial stages of oxidation of 9Cr steel in CO2, O2, CO2–O2 and CO2–O2–H2O is studied by gas phase analysis (GPA) at 550 °C using 13C16,16O2, 18,18O2 and 2H216O isotopic molecules in order to discriminate the...

    F. Rouillard, F. Jomard, L. Latu-Romain… in High Temperature Corrosion of Materials (2023)

  2. No Access

    Article

    Resistance of High-Nickel, Heat-Resisting Alloys to Air and to Supercritical CO2 at High Temperatures

    Commercial alloys 282, 230, HR160, HR120 and 188 were exposed to supercritical CO2 and to air at temperatures of 700–1000 °C. Alloy specimens took the form of thick-walled tubes, which were pressurised internally...

    R. I. Olivares, D. J. Young, T. D. Nguyen, P. Marvig in Oxidation of Metals (2018)

  3. No Access

    Article

    Effect of Sulphur on the Oxidation Behaviour of Possible Construction Materials for Heat Exchangers in Oxyfuel Plants in the Temperature Range 550–700 °C

    During oxyfuel combustion metallic heat exchangers are subjected to service environments which substantially differ from those prevailing during the conventional air firing process. In the present study the be...

    P. Huczkowski, D. J. Young, T. Olszewski, A. Chyrkin… in Oxidation of Metals (2018)

  4. No Access

    Article

    Alloys SS316 and Hastelloy-C276 in Supercritical CO2 at High Temperature

    Commercially available high pressure tubing materials SS316 and Hastelloy-C276, containing a similar chromium content about 17 wt%, were internally pressurised by flowing supercritical CO2 at 20 MPa and heated ex...

    R. I. Olivares, D. J. Young, P. Marvig, W. Stein in Oxidation of Metals (2015)

  5. No Access

    Article

    Boron Depletion in a Nickel Base Superalloy Induced by High Temperature Oxidation

    The conventionally cast Ni-base superalloy Rene 80 containing 90 wt ppm boron was oxidized in synthetic air at 850–1,050 °C for times up to 100 h. Extensive microstructural studies using GD-OES and SEM/WDX/EBS...

    A. Jalowicka, W. Nowak, D. J. Young, V. Nischwitz, D. Naumenko… in Oxidation of Metals (2015)

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    Article

    Mechanisms of Oxide Scale Formation on Ferritic Interconnect Steel in Simulated Low and High pO2 Service Environments of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

    The Laves phase strengthened ferritic steel Crofer 22 H has recently been proposed as construction material for interconnects in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). In the present study, the oxidation kinetics of ...

    L. Niewolak, D. J. Young, H. Hattendorf, L. Singheiser… in Oxidation of Metals (2014)

  7. No Access

    Article

    Slow Transition from Protective to Breakaway Oxidation of Haynes 214 Foil at High Temperature

    The oxidation behaviour of thin sheet specimens of the alumina forming nickel base alloy 214 in the temperature range 1,100–1,200 °C is described. Rapid transient oxidation produces a spinel oxide layer which ...

    D. J. Young, A. Chyrkin, J. He, D. Grüner, W. J. Quadakkers in Oxidation of Metals (2013)

  8. No Access

    Article

    A Simple Expression for Predicting the Oxidation Limited Life of Thin Components Manufactured from FCC High Temperature Alloys

    Chromia and alumina forming high temperature alloys suffer from breakaway oxidation if the concentration of the preferred scale forming element in the alloy decreases below the level required to sustain growth...

    D. J. Young, A. Chyrkin, W. J. Quadakkers in Oxidation of Metals (2012)

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    Temperature Effects on the Oxidation of Low Carbon Steel in N2–H2–H2O at 800–1200 °C

    A low carbon, low silicon steel was reacted with flowing N2–H2–H2O gases at temperatures of 800–1,200 °C, to produce scales of fast-growing wüstite, the only stable iron oxide under these conditions. Scaling kine...

    H. Yin, S. L. I. Chan, W. Y. D. Yuen, D. J. Young in Oxidation of Metals (2012)

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    Article

    Influence of Hafnium Additions and Preoxidation Treatment on the Metal Dusting of Ni–Al Alloys

    Alloys of γ-Ni(Al), γ–γ′ Ni(Al), γ′-Ni3Al and β-NiAl, each containing 0.5 wt% hafnium, were exposed in 1 h cycles to a carbon supersaturated CO–H2–H2O atmosphere (a C = 36.7, ...

    P. Speck, D. J. Young in Oxidation of Metals (2011)

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    Article

    Effect of Zr Additions on the Oxidation Kinetics of FeCrAlY Alloys in Low and High pO2 Gases

    Alloys of nominal composition Fe-20Cr-5Al-0.05Y (mass pct) with and without a 0.03 pct Zr addition were isothermally oxidized at temperatures of 1473 to 1573 K (1200 to 1300 °C) in both flowing Ar-O2 and Ar-H2-H2

    D. J. Young, D. Naumenko, E. Wessel… in Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A (2011)

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    Article

    Flanking sequence specificity determines coding microsatellite heteroduplex and mutation rates with defective DNA mismatch repair (MMR)

    The activin type II receptor (ACVR2) contains two identical microsatellites in exons 3 and 10, but only the exon 10 microsatellite is frameshifted in mismatch repair (MMR)-defective colonic tumors. The reason for...

    H Chung, C G Lopez, D J Young, J F Lai, J Holmstrom, D Ream-Robinson… in Oncogene (2010)

  13. No Access

    Article

    Metal Dusting of Nickel–Aluminium Alloys

    Alloys of γ-Ni(Al), γ–γ′ Ni(Al)–Ni3Al, γ′–Ni3Al and β-NiAl were exposed in 1 h cycles to a carbon-supersaturated CO–H2–H2O gas mixture (a C = 36.7,

    P. Speck, D. J. Young, J. Zhang in Oxidation of Metals (2010)

  14. No Access

    Article

    Carburization resistance of nickel-base, heat-resisting alloys

    Cast heat-resisting alloys containing 45 or 60 wt% nickel were isothermally carburized in flowing gas mixtures of H2–5CH4 (volume percent) at temperatures of 900–1,100 °C, and their performance compared with that...

    P. Becker, D. J. Young in Oxidation of Metals (2007)

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    Article

    Chromium Volatilization Rates from Cr2O3 Scales into Flowing Gases Containing Water Vapor

    The mass-transfer coefficient for CrO2(OH)2 volatilization into flowing air-10% H2O or steam was evaluated using classical gas transport theory in the viscous-flow regime. The resulting values were applied to new...

    D. J. Young, B. A. Pint in Oxidation of Metals (2006)

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    Article

    Cyclic Oxidation of Heat Resisting Steels

    Standard cast, heat resisting steels containing 25–29 w/o (weight percent) chromium and 30–36 w/o nickel together with cast alloys containing 45 or 60 w/o nickel plus low levels of aluminium were subjected to ...

    P. Becker, M. Panasko, D. J. Young in Oxidation of Metals (2005)

  17. No Access

    Article

    Selective Oxidation and Sub-surface Phase Transformations in Chromium-bearing Austenitic Steels

    A series of Fe–15Cr–(2–3)Mo–(0.7–2.5)C (compositions in weight percent) steels was oxidised at 850°C and PO_2 = 5.8 × 10−20 atm, where iron oxide is unstable. All grew external Cr2O3 scales according to parabolic...

    L. B. Susanto, D. J. Young in Oxidation of Metals (2005)

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    Article

    Scaling of Carbon Steel in Simulated Reheat Furnace Atmospheres

    A low carbon steel was exposed to a series of laboratory-simulated combustion gases at temperatures of 700--1200°C. The gases corresponded to the products of burning natural gas with amounts of air varying fr...

    V. H. J. Lee, B. Gleeson, D. J. Young in Oxidation of Metals (2005)

  19. No Access

    Article

    Amounts and Distribution of Phases in Sulfide Plus Oxide Scales on Iron

    Pure iron was exposed at 800°C to flowing, catalyzed-gas mixtures of N2/CO2/CO/SO2 adjusted to control the partial pressures of SO2, S2 and O2. The equilibrium gas compositions were such that iron oxide was therm...

    J. Unsworth, D. J. Young in Oxidation of Metals (2003)

  20. No Access

    Article

    Role of Water Vapor in Chromia-Scale Growth at Low Oxygen Partial Pressure

    The oxidation behavior of pure chromium and ODS-Cr alloys in Ar-H2-H2O and Ar-O2-H2O was studied at 1000°C. At high oxygen potentials, the addition of H2O to the gas had negligible effect on the scaling behavior....

    M. Hänsel, W.J. Quadakkers, D.J. Young in Oxidation of Metals (2003)

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