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Living Reference Work Entry In depth
Pathways for the Degradation of Fatty Acids in Bacteria
The metabolism of fatty acids is of central importance to wide range of microbes, and the related metabolic pathways have been intensely studied for decades. Fatty acid degradation occurs through the well-char...
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Reference Work Entry In depth
Genetics of Accessing and Exploiting Hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbons abound in the environment and microorganisms are often capable of assimilating and degrading these normally recalcitrant molecules. In order to achieve this, bacteria have developed specific adapt...
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Reference Work Entry In depth
Extrusion Pumps for Hydrocarbons: An Efficient Evolutionary Strategy to Confer Resistance to Hydrocarbons
Efflux pumps of the RND family are primarily involved in the extrusion of hydrocarbons. These pumps, specific to gram-negative bacteria, are composed of three components. Two components are transmembrane prote...
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Reference Work Entry In depth
Removal of Hydrocarbons and Other Related Chemicals via the Rhizosphere of Plants
Recalcitrant organic toxic chemicals have accumulated for decades as a consequence of industrial activity. The use of plants in bioremediation of soils has been proposed as an attractive strategy however, plan...
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Reference Work Entry In depth
Protocols for the Characterization of Solvent Tolerant Microorganisms: Construction and Characterization of Mutants
A number of microorganisms exhibit the unusual property of being tolerant to high concentrations of organic solvents such as toluene, xylenes, ethylbenzene, 1-octanol, 1-decanol, etc. in the culture medium. Th...
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Reference Work Entry In depth
Membrane Composition and Modifications in Response to Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Gram Negative Bacteria
Bacterial cells are surrounded by a cellular envelope composed of the cytoplasmic membrane and the cell wall. The cytoplasmic membrane is a phospholipid bilayer that provides an appropriate matrix for the func...
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Article
Improved somatic embryogenesis of grapevine (Vitis vinifera) with focus on induction parameters and efficient plant regeneration
A study of four parameters (induction medium, floral explant, developmental stage and year) was carried out to determine the best combination for the embryogenesis induction of eight grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)...
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Article
Ultrastructure of chloroplasts of pine needles exposed to an industrial environment
In one- and two-year-old green needles ofPinus pinaster growing downwind from a coal-fired power station (main airborne pollutant SO2), mesophyll chloroplast alterations consisted in swelling of the lamellae (ran...