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Article
IL-32 production from lung adenocarcinoma cells is potentially involved in immunosuppressive microenvironment
Interleukin 32 (IL-32) is a proinflammatory cytokine secreted from several kinds of cancer cells. In the present study, we investigated the significance of IL-32 in lung adenocarcinoma by immunohistochemistry ...
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Article
PD-L2 overexpression on tumor-associated macrophages is one of the predictors for better prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma
Immunotherapies that target programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) signals are standard therapies for advanced-stage lung cancer, and the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in cancer tissue predic...
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Article
The expression of PD-1 ligand 1 on macrophages and its clinical impacts and mechanisms in lung adenocarcinoma
Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) are target molecules for immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer. PD-L1 is expressed not only in cancer cells, but also on macrophages, and has been...