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Article
Open AccessFactors based on optical coherence tomography correlated with vision impairment in diabetic patients
The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between retinal structures and visual acuity in diabetic patients using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA). This study was a ret...
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Article
Open AccessInfliximab versus intravenous immunoglobulin for refractory Kawasaki disease: a phase 3, randomized, open-label, active-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter trial
We compared the efficacy and safety of infliximab with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), a standard therapy, in a phase 3 trial (NCT01596335) for Japanese patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) showing persisten...
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Article
Influenza neuraminidase operates via a nucleophilic mechanism and can be targeted by covalent inhibitors
Development of novel influenza neuraminidase inhibitors is critical for preparedness against influenza outbreaks. Knowledge of the neuraminidase enzymatic mechanism and transition-state analogue, 2-deoxy-2,3-d...
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Article
Open AccessExperimental adaptation of an influenza H5 HA confers respiratory droplet transmission to a reassortant H5 HA/H1N1 virus in ferrets
Only four mutations in H5N1 HA are required to enable ferret-to-ferret transmission of a reassortant virus containing the H5 HA and the remaining seven gene segments from a human pandemic H1N1 influenza virus.
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Article
Haemagglutinin mutations responsible for the binding of H5N1 influenza A viruses to human-type receptors
The fact that the H5N1 bird flu virus circulating in Asia, Europe and Africa is unable to attach to human-type cell receptors has helped to prevent it from causing a worldwide epidemic of a human variant of th...
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Article
Isolation of drug-resistant H5N1 virus
The full report on an H5N1 avian flu virus isolate resistant to Tamiflu (oseltamivir) has added to concerns about preparations for a flu pandemic. The virus was from a Vietnamese girl given the drug as both pr...
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Article
Enhanced virulence of influenza A viruses with the haemagglutinin of the 1918 pandemic virus
The ‘Spanish’ influenza pandemic of 1918–19 was the most devastating outbreak of infectious disease in recorded history. At least 20 million people1 died from their illness, which was characterized by an unusuall...