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Open AccessAn update to experimental and clinical aspects of tumor-associated macrophages in cancer development: hopes and pitfalls
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent one of the most abundant tumor-infiltrating stromal cells, and their normal function in tumor microenvironment (TME) is to suppress tumor cells by producing cytoki...
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Generation of Zebrafish Models of Human Retinitis Pigmentosa Diseases Using CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Gene Editing System
Generating animal models can explore the role of new candidate genes in causing diseases and the pathogenicity of a specific mutation in the underlying genes. These animals can be used to identify new pharmace...
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PBMC MicroRNAs: Promising Biomarkers for the Differential Diagnosis of COVID-19 Patients with Abnormal Coagulation Indices
MicroRNAs, or miRNAs, may involve in coagulation and inflammation pathways caused by severe Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Accordingly, this attempt was made to explore the behavior of peripheral blood mononu...
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Chapter
Virus, Exosome, and MicroRNA: New Insights into Autophagy
Autophagy is known as a conserved self-eating mechanism that contributes to cells to degrade different intracellular components (i.e., macromolecular complexes, aggregated proteins, soluble proteins, organelle...
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Open AccessWhole exome sequencing in 17 consanguineous Iranian pedigrees expands the mutational spectrum of inherited retinal dystrophies
Inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) constitute one of the most heterogeneous groups of Mendelian human disorders. Using autozygome-guided next-generation sequencing methods in 17 consanguineous pedigrees of I...
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Article
Open AccessAutoMap is a high performance homozygosity map** tool using next-generation sequencing data
Homozygosity map** is a powerful method for identifying mutations in patients with recessive conditions, especially in consanguineous families or isolated populations. Historically, it has been used in conju...
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Chapter
Genetic Aspects and Immune Responses in Covid-19: Important Organ Involvement
In the last two decades, the world has experienced outbreaks of three major coronaviruses with high morbidity and mortality rates. The most recent of these started in the form of an unusual viral pneumonia in ...
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Article
Open AccessWhole exome sequencing and homozygosity map** reveals genetic defects in consanguineous Iranian families with inherited retinal dystrophies
Inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs), displaying pronounced genetic and clinical heterogeneity, comprise of a broad range of diseases characterized by progressive retinal cell death and gradual loss of vision....
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Article
Current insights into the metastasis of epithelial ovarian cancer - hopes and hurdles
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide. Despite various attempts to improve the diagnosis and therapy of ovarian cancer ...
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Prognostic and therapeutic significance of circulating tumor cells in patients with lung cancer
Lung cancer is the second most common cancer and the main cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. In spite of various efforts that have been made to facilitate the early diagnosis of lung cancer, most pat...
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Article
Tumor-associated macrophages: role in cancer development and therapeutic implications
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are known to play important roles in the initiation and progression of human cancers, as well as in angiogenesis. TAMs are considered as main components of the tumor microen...
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Article
Organ-specific metastasis of breast cancer: molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying lung metastasis
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer in women and the second cause of cancer-related mortality world-wide. The majority of BC-related deaths is due to metastasis. Bone, lung, brain and liver ar...
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Article
PD-1 and cancer: molecular mechanisms and polymorphisms
The programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is expressed by activated T cells that act as an immunoregulatory molecule, and are responsible for the negative regulation of T cell activation and peripheral tolera...
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Lung cancer-associated brain metastasis: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic options
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related mortality in humans. There are several reasons for this high rate of mortality, including metastasis to several organs, especially the brain. In fact, lun...
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AZD1152-HQPA induces growth arrest and apoptosis in androgen-dependent prostate cancer cell line (LNCaP) via producing aneugenic micronuclei and polyploidy
Prostate cancer is the frequent non-cutaneous tumor with high mortality in men. Prostate tumors contain cells with different status of androgen receptor. Androgen receptor plays important roles in progression ...
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Article
Association between a PD-1 gene polymorphism and antisperm antibody-related infertility in Iranian men
Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1, Pdcd1), an immunoreceptor belonging to the CD28/CTLA-4 family negatively regulates antigen receptor signalling by recruiting protein tyrosine phosphatase, SHP-2 upon interacting ...
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Crosstalk between breast cancer stem cells and metastatic niche: emerging molecular metastasis pathway?
Metastatic colonization represents the final step of metastasis, and is the major cause of cancer mortality. Metastasis as an “inefficient” process requires the right population of tumor cells in a suitable mi...
