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Article
Danger in plain sight: determining who is at highest risk for cefepime induced neurotoxicity and its associated morbidity and mortality
Cefepime is a fourth-generation cephalosporin that is widely used to treat sepsis but is associated with a potentially dangerous neurotoxicity syndrome, cefepime-induced neurotoxicity (CIN). As a result, patie...
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Article
Open AccessDetermining ICU EEG periodic patterns and why it matters
Historically, periodic EEG patterns were described as any pattern with stereotyped paroxysmal complexes occurring at regular intervals, i.e., the period (T). T is the sum of the duration of the waveform (t1) and,...
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Article
Open AccessNonconvulsive status epilepticus following cardiac arrest: overlooked, untreated and misjudged
Seizures and status epilepticus (SE) are detected in almost a third of the comatose cardiac arrest survivors. As the literature is quite exhaustive regarding SE with motor symptoms in those patients, little is...
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Article
Transnasal Revolution? The Promise of Midazolam Spray to Prevent Seizure Clusters
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Article
Open AccessUpdated nomenclature of delirium and acute encephalopathy: statement of ten Societies
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Article
Open AccessAdmission EEG findings in diverse paediatric cerebral malaria populations predict outcomes
Electroencephalography at hospital presentation may offer important insights regarding prognosis that can inform understanding of cerebral malaria (CM) pathophysiology and potentially guide patient selection a...
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Chapter
History of Status Epilepticus
The earliest references to ongoing seizure activity or status epilepticus appear in cuneiform, biblical, Roman, and Medieval sources. Prior to the use of EEG, written accounts centered on the behavioral change...
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Chapter
Clinical Presentations of Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus
Nonconvulsive status epilepticus represents a pleomorphic group of epileptic conditions that encompasses a wide variety of behavioral manifestations with subjective and objective components. Depending on the a...
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Chapter
Causes, Manifestations, and Complications of Generalized Convulsive Status Epilepticus in Adults
Generalized convulsive status epilepticus (GCSE) represents the most clinically dramatic and life-threatening type of status epilepticus, characterized either by continuous generalized tonic–clonic convulsive ...
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Chapter
EEG in Encephalopathy and Coma
The EEG is a very important part of the evaluation of patients with acutely altered mental status. Many of these patients are referred from intensive care settings, and a routine initial step often involves ob...
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Article
Anesthetics and Outcome in Status Epilepticus: A Matched Two-Center Cohort Study
The use of anesthetics has been linked to poor outcome in patients with status epilepticus (SE). This association, however, may be confounded, as anesthetics are mostly administered in patients with more sever...
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Article
Nonconvulsive status epilepticus in adults — insights into the invisible
Nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) is defined as a continuous state of seizures without convulsions, or multiple nonconvulsive seizures for more than 30 m...
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Article
Significance of Parenchymal Brain Damage in Patients with Critical Illness
To determine the prevalence, type, and significance of brain damage in critically ill patients with a primary non-neurological diagnosis develo** acute brain dysfunction.
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Article
Outcome predictors for status epilepticus—what really counts
Determination of prognosis in patients with status epilepticus (SE)—a life-threatening state of ongoing or repetitive seizures—is difficult, and current outcome prediction scales do not take into account novel...
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Article
Calculating the Risk Benefit Equation for Aggressive Treatment of Non-convulsive Status Epilepticus
To address the question: does non-convulsive status epilepticus warrant the same aggressive treatment as convulsive status epilepticus?
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Article
Clinical and imaging correlates of EEG patterns in hospitalized patients with encephalopathy
To identify the relationship between pathologic electroencephalographic (EEG) patterns, clinical and neuroradiological abnormalities, and outcome in hospitalized patients with acute encephalopathy. This 5-year...
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Article
Ambulatory non-convulsive status epilepticus evolving into a malignant form
We retrospectively analysed the clinical characteristics, electroencephalogram (EEG) records, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, antiepileptic therapy and prognosis of a case series with ambulatory ...
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Article
The effect of therapeutic hypothermia on prognostication
Neurological markers are used to predict outcomes in patients resuscitated after cardiac arrest, and are crucial in informing treatment decisions in comatose patients. A multicenter study reports that therapeu...
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Article
Confusion and SIRPIDs regress with parenteral lorazepam
Stimulus-induced rhythmic, periodic or ictal discharges (SIRPIDs) are EEG epileptiform periodic discharges (PD) induced by arousal. SIRPIDs lie along an ictal-interictal continuum with debate regarding urgency...
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Article
Tonic status and electrodecremental paroxysms in an adult without epilepsy
Electrodecremental status epilepticus is classically described in infants and children with severe refractory epilepsy, mental retardation, and structural brain abnormalities. We describe a 24-year-old woman w...
