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Chapter
Neuroprotection by Free Radical Scavengers and Other Antioxidants
Cells which depend on oxygen for survival are continuously subjected to oxidative stress due to the fact that during the respiratory process, in which molecular oxygen is reduced to water, a small fraction (2%...
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Article
Quantification of Free Fatty Acids in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid
Free fatty acids (FFA) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are well-recognized markers of brain damage in animal studies. Information is limited regarding human CSF in both normal and pathological conditions. Samples...
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Article
Free Radicals and the Ischemia-Evoked Extracellular Accumulation of Amino Acids in Rat Cerebral Cortex
The effects of free radical generating systems on basal and ischemia/reperfusion-evoked release of amino acids into cortical superfusates was examined in the rat using the cortical cup technique. Xanthine oxid...
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Article
Effects of an inhibitor of adenosine deaminase, deoxycoformycin, and of nucleoside transport, propentofylline, on post-ischemic recovery of adenine nucleotides in rat brain
The effects of an adenosine deaminase inhibitor (deoxycoformycin, 500 μg/kg) and of an inhibitor of nucleoside transport (propentofylline, 10 mg/kg) on adenosine and adenine nucleotide levels in the ischemic r...
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Article
Transmitter amino acid release from rat neocortex: Complete versus incomplete ischemia models
Release of the excitotoxic amino acids, glutamate and aspartate, from the ischemic rat cerebral cortex was compared in two models; the seven vessel occlusion model (7VO) of complete cerebral ischemia and the f...
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Article
Amino acid and purine release in rat brain following temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion
Excitatory amino acid release and neurotoxicity in the ischemic brain may be reduced by endogenously released adenosine which can modulate both glutamate or aspartate release and depress neuronal excitability....
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Chapter
Oxypurinol Reduces Ischemic Brain Injury in the Gerbil and Rat
The pathophysiology of brain ischemia is characterized by a complex sequence of events, which include biochemical, hemodynamic and electrophysiological processes. Decreases in cerebral blood flow (CBF) below a...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Central Nervous System Effects of Adenosine
Adenosine and the adenine nucleotides have been recognized to have important and potent central actions since the original studies on their intracerebroventricular administration by Feldberg and Sherwood (1954...
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Chapter
Brain Adenosine and Purinergic Modulation of Central Nervous System Excitability
Evidence that adenosine can modify a variety of physiologic processes first appeared when Drury and Szent-Gyorgi (1) reported that the administration of adenosine to mammals caused a decrease in arterial blood...
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Chapter
Behavioral and Other Actions of Adenosine in the Central Nervous System
In recent years it has become evident that the transmission process of central neurons is extraordinarily varied, as is the chemical vocabulary by which neurons communicate. There has been a considerable accum...
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Article
Topographical distribution of ATP in rat brain
Studies on the distribution of ATP in microdissected segments of the rat brain indicate that the nucleotide is concentrated in gray matter, and especially in the thalamus, hypothalamus, hippocampus, entorhinal...
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Article
Distribution and release of adenosine triphosphate in rat brain
The steady-state level of brain ATP was measured after the tissue had been treated with a focused microwave irradiation system. The brain ATP content (1.50 nmol/mg tissue) obtained by microwave fixation is sim...
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Article
Is β-(4-chlorophenyl)-GABA a specific antagonist of substance P on cerebral cortical neurons?
β-(4-chlorophenyl)-GABA (Baclofen, Lioresal antagonized the excitant actions of acetylcholine and substance P to comparable extents.L-glutamate-induced excitation was affected to a lesser extent These findings do...
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Article
Acetylcholine release from the brain of unanaesthetized cats following habituation to morphine and during precipitation of the abstinence syndrome
The rate of release of central acetylcholine (ACh) was determined in unanaesthetized cats by perfusing the sensorimotor cortex or the lateral ventricles with a neostigmine-containing solution by means of push-...
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Article
Excitation and depression of cortical neurones during spreading depression
Variations in the excitability of individual cortical neurones during the invasion of spreading depression (SD) have been monitored by observing the alterations of spontaneous and L-glutamate-induced firing. I...
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Article
Effects of Morphine and its Antagonists on Release of Cerebral Cortical Acetylcholine
SEVERAL, studies have shown that the narcotic analgesic morphine and morphine-like compounds reduce the release of acetylcholine (ACh) at peripheral cholinergic junctions1–3, but there is relatively little eviden...
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Article
Nicotine, Smoking and Cortical Inhibition
THE identification of a system of inhibitory cholinergic synaptic receptors on neurones in the cerebral cortex has been described1–3. Further investigation of the pharmacological properties of these receptors rev...
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Article
Prostaglandins and Toad Spinal Cord Responses
PROSTAGLANDINS have a wide distribution in the vertebrate body and have been shown to be pharmacologically active on many types of vertebrate tissues. Evidence that these compounds have a neurohumoral role is ...
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Article
Action of Iontophoretically Applied Tetrodotoxin on Cortical Nerve Cells
TETRODOTOXIN is the potent poison found in puffer fish of the sub-order Gymnodontes and newts of the genus Taricha1. In low concentrations, tetrodotoxin suppresses action potentials in a variety of excitable tiss...
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Article
Strychnine Block of Neural and Drug-induced Inhibition in the Cerebral Cortex
THERE have been conflicting reports about the actions of strychnine on cortical inhibitions. Inhibition of cortical neurones by direct cortical stimulation is resistant to strychnine1,2. The “recurrent” inhibitio...
