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Article
Open AccessEndoscopic resection for local residual or recurrent cancer after definitive chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and radiotherapy (RT) are treatment options for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but local residual/recurrent cancer after CRT/RT is a major problem. Endoscopic resection (ER)...
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Article
Clinical features of superficial esophagus squamous cell carcinoma according to alcohol-degrading enzyme ADH1B and ALDH2 genotypes
Inactivated alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) are related to esophageal carcinogenesis. We aimed to clarify the clinical features associated with the alcohol-degrading enzyme genoty...
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Article
Open AccessGradual onset of the Maunder Minimum revealed by high-precision carbon-14 analyses
The Sun exhibits centennial-scale activity variations and sometimes encounters grand solar minimum when solar activity becomes extremely weak and sunspots disappear for several decades. Such an extreme weakeni...
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Article
Open AccessProlonged production of 14C during the ~660 BCE solar proton event from Japanese tree rings
Annual rings record the intensity of cosmic rays (CRs) that had entered into the Earth’s atmosphere. Several rapid 14C increases in the past, such as the 775 CE and 994CE 14C spikes, have been reported to origina...
