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Article
Open AccessGradual onset of the Maunder Minimum revealed by high-precision carbon-14 analyses
The Sun exhibits centennial-scale activity variations and sometimes encounters grand solar minimum when solar activity becomes extremely weak and sunspots disappear for several decades. Such an extreme weakeni...
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Article
The influence and impact of tsunamis on the microorganism assembly of Nagatsura-Ura Lagoon, Miyagi, northeastern Japan
Two sediment cores were collected from two sites in Nagatsura-Ura Lagoon, the mouth of which was destroyed in the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami. Although sediment conditions differed widely between the central and i...
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Article
Open AccessA biomolecular anthropological investigation of William Adams, the first SAMURAI from England
William Adams (Miura An**) was an English navigator who sailed with a Dutch trading fleet to the far East and landed in Japan in 1600. He became a vassal under the Shogun, Tokugawa Ieyasu, was bestowed with a...
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Article
Open AccessProlonged production of 14C during the ~660 BCE solar proton event from Japanese tree rings
Annual rings record the intensity of cosmic rays (CRs) that had entered into the Earth’s atmosphere. Several rapid 14C increases in the past, such as the 775 CE and 994CE 14C spikes, have been reported to origina...
