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Article
Open AccessExtreme Solar Events: Setting up a Paradigm
The Sun is magnetically active and often produces eruptive events on different energetic and temporal scales. Until recently, the upper limit of such events was unknown and believed to be roughly represented b...
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Article
Open AccessProlonged production of 14C during the ~660 BCE solar proton event from Japanese tree rings
Annual rings record the intensity of cosmic rays (CRs) that had entered into the Earth’s atmosphere. Several rapid 14C increases in the past, such as the 775 CE and 994CE 14C spikes, have been reported to origina...
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Article
Open AccessAuthor Correction: Tree rings reveal globally coherent signature of cosmogenic radiocarbon events in 774 and 993 CE
The original version of this Article contained an error in the Data Availability section, which incorrectly read ‘All data will be freely available via https://www.ams.ethz.ch/research.html
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Article
Open AccessTree rings reveal globally coherent signature of cosmogenic radiocarbon events in 774 and 993 CE
Though tree-ring chronologies are annually resolved, their dating has never been independently validated at the global scale. Moreover, it is unknown if atmospheric radiocarbon enrichment events of cosmogenic ...
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Article
Open AccessAtmospheric impacts of the strongest known solar particle storm of 775 AD
Sporadic solar energetic particle (SEP) events affect the Earth’s atmosphere and environment, in particular leading to depletion of the protective ozone layer in the Earth’s atmosphere, and pose potential tech...
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Article
Correction: Corrigendum: Another rapid event in the carbon-14 content of tree rings
Nature Communications 4: Article number: 1748 (2013); Published: 23 April 2013; Updated: 7 November 2013. The original version of this Article contained a chronological error concerning the counting of tree ri...
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Article
Another rapid event in the carbon-14 content of tree rings
Previously, we have observed that the atmospheric 14C content measured in tree rings showed a strong increase from AD 774 to 775. Although the cause of this event can be explained by a large solar proton event or...
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Article
A signature of cosmic-ray increase in ad 774–775 from tree rings in Japan
A rapid increase in the 14C content of Japanese cedar tree rings occurred during ad 774 to 775, and is about 20 times larger than the change attributed to ordinary solar modulation; neither a solar flare nor a lo...
