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Article
Effect of Global Brain Ischemia on Amyloid Precursor Protein Metabolism and Expression of Amyloid-Degrading Enzymes in Rat Cortex: Role in Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease
The incidence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) increases significantly following chronic stress and brain ischemia which, over the years, cause accumulation of toxic amyloid species and brain damage. The effects of...
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Article
Molecular Mechanisms of Cognitive Impairment and Intellectual Disability—Virtual ESN Mini-Conference in Conjunction with the FENS Forum, July 11–15, 2020
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Article
New Insights into Epigenetic and Pharmacological Regulation of Amyloid-Degrading Enzymes
Currently, deficit of amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) clearance from the brain is considered as one of the possible causes of amyloid accumulation and neuronal death in the sporadic form of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Aβ...
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Article
Effects of ageing and experimental diabetes on insulin-degrading enzyme expression in male rat tissues
Due to an increasing life expectancy in develo** countries, cases of type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in the elderly are growing exponentially. Despite a causative link between diabetes and AD, g...
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Article
Regulation of distinct pools of amyloid β-protein by multiple cellular proteases
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive, age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by extracellular and intracellular deposition of the amyloid β-protein (Aβ). The study of rare, familial forms of...
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Article
Effect of Sodium Valproate Administration on Brain Neprilysin Expression and Memory in Rats
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is accompanied by memory loss due to neuronal cell death caused by toxic amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) aggregates. In the healthy brain, a group of amyloid-degrading enzymes including neprily...
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Chapter
Metalloproteases and Proteolytic Processing
Proteolytic enzymes constitute around 2% of the human genome and are involved in all stages of cell and organism development from fertilization through to cell death. In the human genome the major classes of p...
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Article
Not just angiotensinases: new roles for the angiotensin-converting enzymes
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a critical regulator of blood pressure and fluid homeostasis. Angiotensin II, the primary bioactive peptide of the RAS, is generated from angiotensin I by angiotensin-conv...
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Article
Open AccessBioinformatic analysis of the neprilysin (M13) family of peptidases reveals complex evolutionary and functional relationships
The neprilysin (M13) family of endopeptidases are zinc-metalloenzymes, the majority of which are type II integral membrane proteins. The best characterised of this family is neprilysin, which has important rol...
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Article
Effects of Hypoxia and Oxidative Stress on Expression of Neprilysin in Human Neuroblastoma Cells and Rat Cortical Neurones and Astrocytes
Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which is characterised by accumulation of extracellular deposits of β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) in the brain, has recently been linked to vascular disorders such as ischemi...
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Article
Open AccessIdentification and characterisation of the angiotensin converting enzyme-3 (ACE3) gene: a novel mammalian homologue of ACE
Mammalian angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) plays a key role in blood pressure regulation. Although multiple ACE-like proteins exist in non-mammalian organisms, to date only one other ACE homologue, ACE2, ha...
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Article
Angiotensin-converting enzyme as a GPIase: a critical reevaluation
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Article
Effects of prenatal hypoxia on expression of amyloid precursor protein and metallopeptidases in the rat brain
In the present study we have investigated the effect of prenatal hypoxia on expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and some metallopeptidases, which regulate β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) levels (neprilysin (NEP)...
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Article
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE2) and its Possible Roles in Hypertension, Diabetes and Cardiac Function
Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) is a recently described homologue of the vasoactive peptidase, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). Like ACE, ACE2 is an integral (type I) membrane zinc metallopeptidase,...
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Article
An ACE structure
The structure of one of the two catalytic domains of angiotensin converting enzyme in complex with an inhibitor provides molecular insights into the substrate- and inhibitor-binding profiles of this clinically...
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Protocol
Detection and Assessment of Endothelin-Converting Enzyme Activity
The biologically active vasoconstrictor peptide endothelin (ET-1) is produced from its inactive precursor big endothelin (big ET-1) in a process catalyzed by an endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE). Two potentia...
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Chapter
The Neprilysin Family in Health and Disease
The mammalian neprilysin (NEP) family comprises at least seven members: NEP itself, Kell blood group antigen (KELL), the endothelin-converting enzymes (ECE-1 and ECE-2), the enzyme PEX, associated with X-linke...
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Chapter
The Role of Proteolysis in Alzheimer’s Disease
Alzheimer’s disease is characterised by the progressive deposition of the 4 kDa β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) in extracellular senile plaques in the brain, Aβ is derived by proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precurs...
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Protocol
Distribution of Presenilins and Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) in Detergent-Insoluble Membrane Domains
Until recently, the detergent insolubility of certain membrane-associated proteins was singularly attributed to an association with the cytoskeleton. However, in 1988 we observed that a number of glycosyl-phos...
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Protocol
Inhibition of α-Secretase by Zinc Metalloproteinase Inhibitors
The amyloid precursor protein (APP) is cleaved by at least three proteinases termed the α-, β-, and γ-secretases. Cleavage of APP at the N-terminus of the β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide by β-secretase and at the C-ter...
