19 Result(s)
within
Chapter
Prof. Daniel Thalmann
English
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Chapter
Resolution Methods
Theoretical mechanics, as presented in Chapter 2, only provides differential equations describing the properties and behavior of materials. Resolution methods are necessary to obtain temporal descriptions of t...
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Chapter
Muscle Contraction Modeling
Soft tissue constitutive modeling requires a particular investigation into muscle contraction since muscles also exhibit an active behavior. In this area, there are three major approaches corresponding to diff...
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Theoretical Mechanics
According to the previous chapter, soft tissues may be regarded as composite, non-isotropic, non-homogeneous, more or less incompressible, finitely deforming, damaging, non-linear viscoelastic materials. From ...
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Chapter
Soft Tissue Physiology
From a physiological point of view, any solid component of the organism from bones to cells may be considered as a living tissue. Soft tissues may be distinguished from other tissues like bones for their flexi...
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Chapter
Constitutive Modeling
The objective of experimentation is to obtain simple, general laws describing the macroscopic behavior of materials, in order to determine their mechanical properties, and predict their response under well def...
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Application Perspectives
Various approaches have been followed for soft tissues modeling in computer graphics. Most of them rely on the assumptions of geometrical and physical linearity of the material. However, applying biomechanical...
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Chapter
Introduction
In the beginning, computers were used to assist animators in conventional animation. As early as 1974, in Hungarian Peter Foldes won the Prix du Jury at the Cannes Film Festival with his computer-aided film, Hung...
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Chapter
Computer Animation
Although computer plays an ever-increasing role in animation, the term “computer animation” is imprecise and can sometimes be misleading. This is because the computer can play a variety of different roles:
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Chapter
Automatic Motion Control
In future animation systems, based on synthetic actors, motion control will be automatically performed using artificial intelligence (A.I.) and robotics techniques [Badler 1986, 1989; Boisvert et al. 1989; Cal...
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Keyframe and Painting Systems
We showed in Chap. 3 that numerous steps in conventional animation can be assisted or improved by computer. In particular, the computer can be used:
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Chapter
Motion Control in 3D Animation
Most authors [Magnenat-Thalmann and Thalmann 1985b] distinguish between two types of three-dimensional computer animation: keyframe animation and algorithmic animation.
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Chapter
Conventional Animation
Animation can be defined in different ways. For John Halas [1968], one of the world’s most famous animators, “movement is the essence of animation.” A similar approach defines animation as “art in movement.” S...
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Chapter
The Development of Computer Animation in Various Organizations
During the period 1963–1967, a dozen computer films were made at Bell Telephone Laboratories. Apart from Ken Knowlton [1964,1965], the most important computer animators at Bell Labs were:
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Chapter
Case Studies of Computer-generated Films
The film Dream Flight, directed by both authors and Philippe Bergeron, was the first widely known fictional 3D animated film made using a computer. The film was a great success: it won the first prize at the Comp...
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Chapter
Object Modeling in 3D Animation
While computer-assisted animation is a highly valuable and interesting process, computer-modeled animation is even more fascinating. Here the computer becomes more than a support, playing a basic role in the c...
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Chapter
Hidden Surfaces, Reflectance, and Shading
A three-dimensional line drawing is generally rather unrealistic, except in a few cases (see the Eiffel Tower in Fig. 8.1). To achieve realism in a computer-generated image, lines which could not really be see...
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Human Modeling and Animation
As stated by Norman Badler [1982], one of the best-known specialists in this area, modeling realistic human forms remains one of the most difficult and challenging problems.
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Chapter
Transparency, Texture, Shadows, and Anti-aliasing
Ray tracing is an old technique, based on the numerical simulation of geometric optics. Intuitively, it can be seen that light rays could be traced from a light source along their paths until they reach the ob...
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Chapter
Object-oriented and Actor Languages and Systems
As indicated in Chap. 6, modeled computer animation involves three main activities:
Object modeling
Motion specification and...
