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Open AccessAdvanced age is associated with worsened outcomes and a unique genomic response in severely injured patients with hemorrhagic shock
We wished to characterize the relationship of advanced age to clinical outcomes and to transcriptomic responses after severe blunt traumatic injury with hemorrhagic shock.
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Downstream mediators of the intratumoral interferon response suppress antitumor immunity, induce gemcitabine resistance and associate with poor survival in human pancreatic cancer
The cancer microenvironment allows tumor cells to evade immune surveillance through a variety of mechanisms. While interferon-γ (IFNγ) is central to effective antitumor immunity, its effects on the microenviro...
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Open AccessThe inflammatory milieu within the pancreatic cancer microenvironment correlates with clinicopathologic parameters, chemoresistance and survival
The tumor microenvironment impacts pancreatic cancer (PC) development, progression and metastasis. How intratumoral inflammatory mediators modulate this biology remains poorly understood. We hypothesized that ...
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Article
Open AccessPostnatal Age Is a Critical Determinant of the Neonatal Host Response to Sepsis
Neonates manifest a unique host response to sepsis even among other children. Preterm neonates may experience sepsis soon after birth or during often-protracted birth hospitalizations as they attain physiologi...
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CXCR3 blockade: a novel anti-sepsis approach?
Blockade of the CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) attenuates inflammation and improves survival in a murine model of near lethal polymicrobial sepsis. However, given the multitude of cellular responses and infl...
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Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in sepsis: friend or foe?
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Open AccessA Paradoxical Role for Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Sepsis and Trauma
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogenous population of immature myeloid cells whose numbers dramatically increase in chronic and acute inflammatory diseases, including cancer, autoimmune dis...
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Clinical microfluidics for neutrophil genomics and proteomics
Standard methods of neutrophil isolation require skilled personnel, are time consuming and use large blood volumes. Kotz and his colleagues have developed a rapid microfluidic chip-based approach for rapidly i...
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Article
Major Hepatectomy Induces Phenotypic Changes in Circulating Dendritic Cells and Monocytes
Patients undergoing major hepatectomy are at increased risk for post-operative morbidity and mortality, and changes in the phenotype of effector cells may predispose these patients to infectious sequelae.
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Open AccessA dynamic network of transcription in LPS-treated human subjects
Understanding the transcriptional regulatory networks that map out the coordinated dynamic responses of signaling proteins, transcription factors and target genes over time would represent a significant advanc...
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Open AccessA Genomic Score Prognostic of Outcome in Trauma Patients
Traumatic injuries frequently lead to infection, organ failure, and death. Health care providers rely on several Injury scoring systems to quantify the extent of injury and to help predict clinical outcome. Ph...
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Local thymic caspase-9 inhibition improves survival during polymicrobial sepsis in mice
Caspase-9 is believed to play an essential role in sepsis-induced lymphocyte apoptosis. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate its contribution within the caspase-dependent apoptosis pathway in a muri...
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Correction: Corrigendum: A network-based analysis of systemic inflammation in humans
Nature 437, 1032–1037 (2005) doi:10.1038/nature03985 In this Letter, the affiliations of authors participating in the Inflammation and Host Response to Injury Large Scale Collaborative Research Program are inc...
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A network-based analysis of systemic inflammation in humans
Oligonucleotide and complementary DNA microarrays are being used to subclassify histologically similar tumours, monitor disease progress, and individualize treatment regimens1,2,3,4,5. However, extracting new bio...
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Gene Therapy for the Critically Ill Mouse
An expanding component of murine basic science research is the use of gene therapy. Not unexpectedly, much of the development of gene therapy ultimately for human use has been initiated, developed and refined ...
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Anti-TNF-α therapies: the next generation
The development of protein-based therapies that inhibit the activities of tumour-necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), including etanercept (Enbrel; Amgen/Wyeth), inflixi...
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Activation of the Innate Immune Response in Critical Illness
Recognition molecules, inflammatory cells, and the cytokines they produce are the principle means for host tissues to recognize invading microbes, and to initiate intercellular communication between the innate...
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Structural Basis for the Proinflammatory Cytokine Activity of High Mobility Group Box 1
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a ubiquitous DNA-binding protein, has been implicated as a proinflammatory cytokine and late mediator of lethal endotoxemia. HMGB1 is released by activated macrophages. It am...
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CD64 surface expression on neutrophils is transiently upregulated in patients with septic shock
Objective: To clarify the changes in total leukocyte counts, CD64 neutrophil receptor expression and serum granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) concentrations in critically ill patients ...
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Emerging Evidence of a More Complex Role for Proinflammatory and Antiinflammatory Cytokines in the Sepsis Response
Since the original discovery and cloning of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and interleukin-1 (IL-1), our understanding of the underlying role that these and other cytokines play in the sepsis response has grea...
