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Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and Functionalization of 2-Pyridones, 2-Quinolones and Other Ring-Fused 2-Pyridones
2-pyridones are important heterocycles with great applicability in medicinal chemistry and this core structure can be found in compounds with...
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Total Synthesis of Marine Macrolides
Recent progress (2002–2005) of total syntheses of bioactive marine macrolides, lasonolide A, zampanolide, dactylolide, and leucascandrolide A, was...
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Applications of Flexible Molecular Descriptors in the QSPR–QSAR Study of Heterocyclic Drugs
Various formulations of optimal descriptors introduced by different authors during the last 10 years are discussed for the special case of...
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QSAR and Molecular Modeling Studies of HIV Protease Inhibitors
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and its related disorders, caused by retrovirus human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are a major health...
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Auxin Transport and Recycling of PIN Proteins in Plants
Polar transport of the phytohormone auxin is mediated by plasma-membrane and endosome localized carrier proteins. PIN proteins are the best...
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Environmental Design Considerationsfor Somatic Embryogenesis
In addition to the biomolecular, physiological, and biochemical aspects of somatic embryogenesis, careful design of environmental conditions is...
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Origin, Development and Structure of Somatic Embryosin Selected Bulbous Ornamentals: BAP as Inducer
Somatic embryogenesis in three important ornamentals is discussed in this chapter. Direct somatic embryo development on the explant tissues...
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Differential Gene Expression During Somatic Embryogenesis
Somatic embryogenesis is a complex developmental program in which somatic cells are induced for a commitment towards forming totipotent...
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Embryogenesis in Catharanthus roseus: Roles of Some External Factors in Proliferation, Maturation and Germination of Embryos
Catharanthus roseus is an important medicinal plant that contains two well-known anticancerous alkaloids, vincristine and vinblastine. Cell...
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Screening and Analysis of Pollen Tube Mutations
Although the cytology of the cellular aspects of male gametophytic development has been very well described for several species, molecular...
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Participation of Plant Hormones in Determination and Progression of Somatic Embryogenesis
In vitro culture protocols have been developed for many species, mainly using empirical approaches, to induce somatic embryogenesis from various...
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Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Sulfur and Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles
This chapter aims to review recent developments in the synthesis of sulfur and nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic compounds under conditions that...
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Spectroscopic Study of the Structure of Zetekitoxin AB
Zetekitoxin (former name: atelopidtoxin) was reported by Mosher and colleagues in 1969 as a potent, water-soluble, guanidinium toxin found in...
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The Chemistry of 2-(1H)-Pyrazinones in Solution and on Solid Support
An overview on the microwave-enhanced synthesis and decoration of the 2(1H)-pyrazinone system is presented. Scaffold decoration using...
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In silico Studies on PPARγ Agonistic Heterocyclic Systems
Several heterocyclic derivatives like oxazolidinediones, thiazolidinediones, tetarazoles, phenoxazines, etc. are being developed for the treatment...
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Structural Information and Drug–Enzyme Interaction of the Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Based on Computational Chemistry Approaches
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, such as nevirapine, TIBO, HEPT, and efavirenz, are very specific to HIV-1 reverse transcriptase...
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Manganese(III)-Based Peroxidation of Alkenes to Heterocycles
Synthesis of endoperoxides and hydroperoxides using tris(2,4-pentanedionato)manganese(III) or manganese(III) acetate is described. The reaction of...
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Rab GTPases in Plant Endocytosis
The Rab family is part of the Ras superfamily of small GTPases. In eukaryotes Rab GTPases are present as members of gene families, and the...
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Why Somatic Plant Cells Start to form Embryos?
Embryogenesis in plants is not restricted to the fertilized egg cell but can be naturally or artificially induced in many different cell types,...
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Somatic and Zygotic Embryogenesis in Avocado
Avocado is a species widely cultivated for its highly nutritious fruit. Currently, soil-borne diseases such as Phytophthora root rot are severe...