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Article
Open AccessImplications of unconventional histological subtypes on magnetic resonance imaging and oncological outcomes in patients who have undergone radical prostatectomy
The prognostic significance of unconventional histology (UH) subtypes including intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P), ductal adenocarcinoma, and cribriform pattern has been investigated for prostate c...
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Article
Open AccessTumor immune microenvironment and clinical outcomes in stage IV urothelial cancer: YODO study
Bladder cancer is the 10th most common cancer globally, with a growing incidence in Japan. Evaluation of molecular, genetic, and cellular biomarkers that predict treatment response and prognosis in patients wi...
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Article
Open AccessTrametinib improves Treg selectivity of anti-CCR4 antibody by regulating CCR4 expression in CTLs in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) play a major role in suppressing anti-tumor immune responses. Mogamulizumab, an anti-CC chemokine receptor type 4 (CCR4) monoclonal antibody, depletes effector Tregs (eTregs). Howeve...
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Article
Open AccessCase report: surgical management of symptomatic pretracheal thyroid gland in a patient with dual ectopic thyroid
Dual ectopic thyroid, a very rare condition, is defined as the simultaneous presence of ectopic thyroid tissue in two abnormal locations. Here, we report the surgical management of a patient with dual ectopic ...
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Article
Open AccessMalignant testicular unclassified sex cord stromal tumor: a case report
Most testicular tumors are germ cell tumors; sex cord stromal tumors are infrequent, accounting for only 3–5% of testicular tumors. Unclassified sex cord stromal tumors are extremely rare. Generally, 10% of se...
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Article
Open AccessA rapid and durable response to larotrectinib in a patient with NTRK fusion-positive secretory carcinoma originating from the external auditory canal
For decades, no clear consensus existed on the standard treatment option for malignant tumors of the external auditory canal, an extremely rare disease. Here we report the case of a 55-year-old female patient ...
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Article
Open AccessDetection of perineural invasion in prostate needle biopsies with deep neural networks
The presence of perineural invasion (PNI) by carcinoma in prostate biopsies has been shown to be associated with poor prognosis. The assessment and quantification of PNI are, however, labor intensive. To aid p...
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Article
Open AccessElevated expression of B7 homolog 4 is associated with disease progression in upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma
B7 homolog 4 (B7-H4) is a negative regulator of immune responses, but its immunoregulatory role in the tumor microenvironment of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) remains unclear.
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Article
Open AccessArtificial intelligence for diagnosis and Gleason grading of prostate cancer: the PANDA challenge
Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown promise for diagnosing prostate cancer in biopsies. However, results have been limited to individual studies, lacking validation in multinational settings. Competitions h...
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Article
Open AccessCorrection to: Prognostic value of programmed death-ligand 1 status in Japanese patients with renal cell carcinoma
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Article
Open AccessPrognostic value of programmed death-ligand 1 status in Japanese patients with renal cell carcinoma
Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) positivity is associated with poor prognosis in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Because the prognostic impact and effect of confounding factors are less known, we investigated the...
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Article
Open AccessPrimary leiomyoma of the ureter: a case report
Only 14 cases of leiomyoma with ureteral origin have been reported previously. Such primary leiomyomas often present as hydronephrosis, making the diagnosis difficult. Radical nephroureterectomy is often perfo...
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Article
Open AccessIncreased expression of adenosine 2A receptors in metastatic renal cell carcinoma is associated with poorer response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents and anti-PD-1/Anti-CTLA4 antibodies and shorter survival
Adenosine and its adenosine 2A receptors (A2AR) mediate the immunosuppressive mechanism by which tumors escape immunosurveillance and impede anti-tumor immunity within the tumor microenvironment. However, we d...
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Article
Open AccessA case of resected hepatocellular carcinoma with gallbladder metastasis
Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can often spread as intrahepatic metastases. Extrahepatic metastasis (e.g., lung, lymph nodes, and bones) is rare, and gallbladder metastasis from HCC is extremely rare.
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Article
Open AccessInterobserver reproducibility of perineural invasion of prostatic adenocarcinoma in needle biopsies
Numerous studies have shown a correlation between perineural invasion (PNI) in prostate biopsies and outcome. The reporting of PNI varies widely in the literature. While the interobserver variability of prosta...
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Article
Open AccessIdentification of areas of grading difficulties in prostate cancer and comparison with artificial intelligence assisted grading
The International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) hosts a reference image database supervised by experts with the purpose of establishing an international standard in prostate cancer grading. Here, we a...
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Article
Correction to: Multi-institutional re-evaluation of prognostic factors in chromophobe renal cell carcinoma: proposal of a novel two-tiered grading scheme
The legends of Figs. 1 and 3 in the published original version of the above article are incorrect.
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Article
Open AccessAutomated acquisition of explainable knowledge from unannotated histopathology images
Deep learning algorithms have been successfully used in medical image classification. In the next stage, the technology of acquiring explainable knowledge from medical images is highly desired. Here we show th...
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Article
Open AccessThe International Society of Urological Pathology Education web—a web-based system for training and testing of pathologists
Pathology training resources remain scarce in many parts of the world. With rapid economic development comes the need to educate new pathologists to meet the medical care demands. Our aim was to set up a cost-...
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Article
Granulomatous pigmented purpuric dermatosis containing Propionibacterium acnes
