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Article
The three layered structure of orbicularis oris and buccinator complex with partial connection at the modiolus and partial direct continuation
This study aimed to clarify the structural arrangement of the orbicularis oris (OOr), the buccinator, and the other perioral muscles around the modiolus.
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Article
Manners of terminology and description in Galen’s anatomy in the ancient Rome and their historical consequences up to the modern time
The oldest extant anatomy textbooks compiled in ancient Rome were by Galen who described in writing most of the various parts and organs of the body. History tells us that ever since the time of Galen, anatomi...
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Article
Relationship between the lumbosacral plexus deviation and 12th rib length in Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata)
The relationship between the lumbosacral plexus (LSP) origin and the 12th rib length was recently determined in humans; cranial and caudal deviations of the plexus origin are related to shortening and elongati...
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Article
Open AccessPiezo2 expression and its alteration by mechanical forces in mouse mesangial cells and renin-producing cells
The kidney plays a central role in body fluid homeostasis. Cells in the glomeruli and juxtaglomerular apparatus sense mechanical forces and modulate glomerular filtration and renin release. However, details of...
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Article
Evolution of microneurosurgical anatomy with special reference to the history of anatomy, surgical anatomy, and microsurgery: historical overview
This article reviews the evolution of microneurosurgical anatomy (MNA) with special reference to the development of anatomy, surgical anatomy, and microsurgery. Anatomy can be said to have started in the ancie...
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Article
Anatomic characterization of the tibial and fibular nutrient arteries in humans
The location of nutrient foramina has been extensively studied in long bones; however, accurate information on the origin and extra-osseous course of the nutrient artery remains clearly defined in some long bo...
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Chapter
Building a Global Low-Carbon Society Based on Hybrid Use of Natural Clean Energy
It is well-known that the extensive emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) such as CO2 gas and freon gas during a long period after the industrial revolution is a fundamental reason causing the global warming and the...
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Article
Open AccessNephrocytes are part of the spectrum of filtration epithelial diversity
The excretory system produces urine by ultrafiltration via a filtration epithelium. Podocytes are widely found as filtration epithelial cells in eucoelomates. In some animal taxa, including insects and crustac...
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Article
Open AccessThree-dimensional imaging of podocyte ultrastructure using FE-SEM and FIB-SEM tomography
Podocytes are specialized epithelial cells used for glomerular filtration in the kidney. They can be divided into the cell body, primary process and foot process. Here, we describe two useful methods for the t...
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Article
Open AccessThree-dimensional architecture of pericardial nephrocytes in Drosophila melanogaster revealed by FIB/SEM tomography
Nephrocytes are similar in structure to podocytes and play a role in the isolation of toxic substances from hemolymph in insects. Drosophila melanogaster nephrocytes have recently been used to study podocyte func...
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Article
Reevaluation of the superior radial collateral artery in the human upper arm
The superior radial collateral artery (SRCA) was described in well-established anatomy textbooks published in the 1800s. According to those textbooks, the SRCA originates from the brachial artery, passes trans...
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Article
Recent topics in kidney research: morphology and molecular cell biology
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Article
Cell biology of mesangial cells: the third cell that maintains the glomerular capillary
The renal glomerulus consists of glomerular endothelial cells, podocytes, and mesangial cells, which cooperate with each other for glomerular filtration. We have produced monoclonal antibodies against glomerul...
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Article
Open AccessEvolutionary morphology of podocytes and primary urine-producing apparatus
Excretory organs were acquired in the early phase of metazoan evolution, and they play a crucial role in the maintenance of homeostasis of body fluids. In general, these organs consist of two functional compon...
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Article
Open AccessLumbar artery branches coursing vertically over the intervertebral discs of the lower lumbar spine: an anatomic study
Bleeding from the lumbar artery is a potential complication during the transpsoas approach to the lower lumbar intervertebral discs. In this anatomic study, the morphological relationships between the branches...
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Article
Reference data on muscle volumes of healthy human pelvis and lower extremity muscles: an in vivo magnetic resonance imaging feasibility study
Muscle volumes are of crucial interest when attempting to analyze individual physical performance and disease- or age-related alterations in muscle morphology. However, very little reference data are available...
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Article
Interior crack initiation and growth behaviors and life prediction of a carburized gear steel under high cycle fatigue and very high cycle fatigue
The axial loading test was performed to investigate the effect of carburizing on crack initiation and growth behaviors of a gear steel under high cycle fatigue (HCF) and very high cycle fatigue (VHCF). As a re...
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Article
Open AccessPodocin is translocated to cytoplasm in puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis rats and in poor-prognosis patients with IgA nephropathy
Podocytes serve as the final barrier to urinary protein loss through a highly specialized structure called a slit membrane and maintain foot process and glomerular basement membranes. Podocyte injury results i...
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Article
Open AccessThree-dimensional architecture of podocytes revealed by block-face scanning electron microscopy
Block-face imaging is a scanning electron microscopic technique which enables easier acquisition of serial ultrastructural images directly from the surface of resin-embedded biological samples with a similar q...
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Article
Influence of Microstructural Inhomogeneity and Residual Stress on Very High Cycle Fatigue Property of Clean Spring Steel
The present study investigated the very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) properties of a spring steel SUP7-T386 under the conditions of surface grinding and electro-polishing by performing the axial loading test at a...
