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Open AccessThe basal forebrain to lateral habenula circuitry mediates social behavioral maladaptation
Elucidating the neural basis of fear allows for more effective treatments for maladaptive fear often observed in psychiatric disorders. Although the basal forebrain (BF) has an essential role in fear learning,...
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Article
Open AccessMorphological Tracing and Functional Identification of Monosynaptic Connections in the Brain: A Comprehensive Guide
Behavioral studies play a crucial role in unraveling the mechanisms underlying brain function. Recent advances in optogenetics, neuronal ty** and labeling, and circuit tracing have facilitated the dissection...
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Article
Open AccessTemporal-spatial Generation of Astrocytes in the Develo** Diencephalon
Astrocytes are the largest glial population in the mammalian brain. However, we have a minimal understanding of astrocyte development, especially fate specification in different regions of the brain. Through l...
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Open AccessAuthor Correction: Sustained antidepressant effect of ketamine through NMDAR trap** in the LHb
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Open AccessSustained antidepressant effect of ketamine through NMDAR trap** in the LHb
Ketamine, an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist1, has revolutionized the treatment of depression because of its potent, rapid and sustained antidepressant effects2–4. Although the elimination half-l...
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Open AccessOral intake of titanium dioxide nanoparticles affect the course and prognosis of ulcerative colitis in mice: involvement of the ROS-TXNIP-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway
Titanium dioxide (TiO2), no matter in nanoscale or micron sizes, has been widely used in food industry as additives for decades. Given the potential impact of TiO2 on the gastrointestinal epithelial and parenchym...
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Novel Insight into Glial Biology and Diseases
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Article
Open AccessRobust and adjustable dynamic scattering compensation for high-precision deep tissue optogenetics
The development of high-precision optogenetics in deep tissue is limited due to the strong optical scattering induced by biological tissue. Although various wavefront sha** techniques have been developed to ...
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Article
Dual roles of hexokinase 2 in sha** microglial function by gating glycolytic flux and mitochondrial activity
Microglia continuously survey the brain parenchyma and actively shift status following stimulation. These processes demand a unique bioenergetic programme; however, little is known about the metabolic determin...
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Open AccessActivated astrocytes attenuate neocortical seizures in rodent models through driving Na+-K+-ATPase
Epileptic seizures are widely regarded to occur as a result of the excitation-inhibition imbalance from a neuro-centric view. Although astrocyte-neuron interactions are increasingly recognized in seizure, elem...
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Open AccessA short period of early life oxytocin treatment rescues social behavior dysfunction via suppression of hippocampal hyperactivity in male mice
Early sensory experiences interact with genes to shape precise neural circuits during development. This process is vital for proper brain function in adulthood. Neurological dysfunctions caused by environmenta...
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Pathological Networks Involving Dysmorphic Neurons in Type II Focal Cortical Dysplasia
Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is one of the most common causes of drug-resistant epilepsy. Dysmorphic neurons are the major histopathological feature of type II FCD, but their role in seizure genesis in FCD i...
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Olfactory sensory experience regulates gliomagenesis via neuronal IGF1
Animals constantly receive various sensory stimuli, such as odours, sounds, light and touch, from the surrounding environment. These sensory inputs are essential for animals to search for food and avoid predat...
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Open AccessOrganizational principles of amygdalar input-output neuronal circuits
The amygdala, one of the most studied brain structures, integrates brain-wide heterogeneous inputs and governs multidimensional outputs to control diverse behaviors central to survival, yet how amygdalar input...
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cFos-ANAB: A cFos-based Web Tool for Exploring Activated Neurons and Associated Behaviors
cFos is one of the most widely-studied genes in the field of neuroscience. Currently, there is no systematic database focusing on cFos in neuroscience. We developed a curated database—cFos-ANAB—a cFos-based web t...
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Open AccessNG2 glia-derived GABA release tunes inhibitory synapses and contributes to stress-induced anxiety
NG2 glia, also known as oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), play an important role in proliferation and give rise to myelinating oligodendrocytes during early brain development. In contrast to other glial ...
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Open AccessThe noncanonical role of the protease cathepsin D as a cofilin phosphatase
Cathepsin D (cathD) is traditionally regarded as a lysosomal protease that degrades substrates in acidic compartments. Here we report cathD plays an unconventional role as a cofilin phosphatase orchestrating a...
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Open AccessHistamine H1 receptor deletion in cholinergic neurons induces sensorimotor gating ability deficit and social impairments in mice
Negative symptoms in schizophrenia strongly contribute to poor functional outcomes, however its pathogenesis is still unclear. Here, we found that histamine H1 receptor (H1R) expression in basal forebrain (BF) ch...
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Open AccessThe combined effect of food additive titanium dioxide and lipopolysaccharide on mouse intestinal barrier function after chronic exposure of titanium dioxide-contained feedstuffs
Up to 44% of particulates of food-grade titanium dioxide (TiO2) are in nanoscale, while the effect and combined effect of which with other substances on intestinal barrier haven’t been fully understood yet. This ...
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Open AccessParabrachial nucleus circuit governs neuropathic pain-like behavior
The lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPBN) is known to relay noxious information to the amygdala for processing affective responses. However, it is unclear whether the LPBN actively processes neuropathic pain cha...