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Article
Next questions in autophagy
Our understanding of the basic mechanisms of autophagy is growing, but many questions remain about the types of autophagy cells use, when they use them, and how they function in different contexts. We asked em...
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Article
Open AccessAgeing-associated changes in transcriptional elongation influence longevity
Physiological homeostasis becomes compromised during ageing, as a result of impairment of cellular processes, including transcription and RNA splicing1–4. However, the molecular mechanisms leading to the loss of ...
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Article
Open AccessModulation of AMPK/ TET2/ 5-hmC axis in response to metabolic alterations as a novel pathway for obesity-related colorectal cancer development
Obesity is a major risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). Sustained hyperglycemia destabilizes tumor suppressor ten-eleven translocation (TET) 2, which is a substrate of AMPK, thereby dysregulating 5-hydroxy...
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Article
Author Correction: LC3 lipidation is essential for TFEB activation during the lysosomal damage response to kidney injury
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Article
Open AccessEffectiveness of Tiotropium/Olodaterol in the Real World: A Post Hoc Subgroup Analysis After the First Year of Use
Real-world evidence is needed to optimize pharmacotherapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The effectiveness of inhaled tiotropium/olodaterol according to baseline symptoms and previous COPD t...
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Article
Intramural esophageal dissection with eosinophilic esophagitis
Intramural esophageal dissection (IED), like esophageal perforation, is a rare complication of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). A 44-year-old woman who had experienced EoE for 8 years complained of food impacti...
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Article
Atypical jejunal follicular lymphoma with severe stricture
The typical macroscopic appearance of gastrointestinal follicular lymphoma (FL) are multiple white granules or small white polyps, called multiple lymphomatous polyposis type, and subsequent mass lesions with ...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Security Analysis via Algebraic Attack Against “A New Encryption Scheme for Multivariate Quadratic System”
A Gröbner basis algorithm computes a good basis for an ideal of a polynomial ring and appears in various situations of cryptography. In particular, it has been used in the security analysis of multivariate pub...
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Chapter
Autophagy in Aging and Longevity
Macroautophagy (autophagy) is an evolutionally conserved cytoplasmic degradation system in which varieties of materials are sequestered by a double membrane structure, called autophagosome, and delivered to th...
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Article
Open AccessReal-world effectiveness of early intervention with fixed-dose tiotropium/olodaterol vs tiotropium in Japanese patients with COPD: a high-dimensional propensity score–matched cohort analysis
Escalation to triple therapy (long-acting muscarinic antagonist/β2-agonist, inhaled corticosteroid [ICS]) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) is recommended for patients on LAMA/LABA combinations wit...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Security Analysis on an ElGamal-Like Multivariate Encryption Scheme Based on Isomorphism of Polynomials
Isomorphism of polynomials with two secrets (IP2S) problem was proposed by Patarin et al. at Eurocrypt 1996 and the problem is to find two secret linear maps filling in the gap between two polynomial maps over...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Improving Thomae-Wolf Algorithm for Solving Underdetermined Multivariate Quadratic Polynomial Problem
The multivariate quadratic polynomial problem ( \(\mathcal MQ\) M ...
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Article
LC3 lipidation is essential for TFEB activation during the lysosomal damage response to kidney injury
Sensing and clearance of dysfunctional lysosomes is critical for cellular homeostasis. Here we show that transcription factor EB (TFEB)—a master transcriptional regulator of lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy—...
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Article
Open AccessAge-dependent loss of adipose Rubicon promotes metabolic disorders via excess autophagy
The systemic decline in autophagic activity with age impairs homeostasis in several tissues, leading to age-related diseases. A mechanistic understanding of adipocyte dysfunction with age could help to prevent...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Revisiting the Minrank Problem on Multivariate Cryptography
The minrank problem is often considered in the cryptanalysis of multivariate cryptography and code-based cryptography. There have been many multivariate cryptosystems proven insecure due to their weakness agai...
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Article
Open AccessThe Respimat® Soft Mist Inhaler: Implications of Drug Delivery Characteristics for Patients
Successful treatment for respiratory diseases relies on effective delivery of medication to the lungs using an inhalation device. Different inhalers have distinct characteristics affecting drug administration ...
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Article
Open AccessSuppression of autophagic activity by Rubicon is a signature of aging
Autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved cytoplasmic degradation system, has been implicated as a convergent mechanism in various longevity pathways. Autophagic activity decreases with age in several organisms, ...
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Article
Open AccessSmall nucleoli are a cellular hallmark of longevity
Animal lifespan is regulated by conserved metabolic signalling pathways and specific transcription factors, but whether these pathways affect common downstream mechanisms remains largely elusive. Here we show ...
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Article
Essential role for GABARAP autophagy proteins in interferon-inducible GTPase-mediated host defense
Various intracellular pathogens attempt to hide from innate cytosolic sensors by forming vacuoles. Yamamoto and colleagues show that the autophagy-related protein Gate-16, which is induced by interferon-γ, is ...
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Article
Open AccessMondo complexes regulate TFEB via TOR inhibition to promote longevity in response to gonadal signals
Germline removal provokes longevity in several species and shifts resources towards survival and repair. Several Caenorhabditis elegans transcription factors regulate longevity arising from germline removal; yet,...
