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Article
The Effect of Breast-Feeding on Proliferation by Infant Lymphocytes in Vitro
ABSTRACT: The effect of breast-feeding on the development of lymphocyte responsiveness in infants has been studied. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 15 breast- and 15 bottle-fed infants were obtained se...
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Article
Open AccessEvaluation of screening for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: trial design using Markov chain models
In this paper, we develop a Markov chain model to estimate parameters pertaining to the natural history of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The model is of progression from no disease to Epstein–Barr virus (EBV...
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Open AccessQuantification of the effect of mammographic screening on fatal breast cancers: The Florence Programme 1990–96
Breast cancer cases diagnosed in women aged 50–69 since 1990 to 1996 in the City of Florence were partitioned into those who had been invited to screening prior to diagnosis and those who had not. All cases we...
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Open AccessSocioeconomic effects on breast cancer survival: proportion attributable to stage and morphology
Breast cancer patients of lower socioeconomic status tend to have poorer survival. Among 10 865 cases of breast cancer from the East Anglian Cancer Registry diagnosed between 1982 and 1993, we estimated the ex...
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Article
Open AccessInteraction of dense breast patterns with other breast cancer risk factors in a case–control study
The question of interactions between breast density and other breast cancer risk factors is of interest, since it bears upon the use of density as a marker for changes in breast cancer risk. We studied breast ...
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Open AccessLymph node status in screen-detected cancers
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Open AccessWhat should the detection rates of cancers be in breast screening programmes?
Minimum detection rates at screening are sometimes laid down as standards for breast cancer screening programmes, based on underlying incidence of the disease in the age group screened. Detection rates should ...
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Article
Open AccessIncidence trends of prostate cancer in East Anglia, before and during the era of PSA diagnostic testing
We investigated prostate cancer incidence in East Anglia from 1971to 2000. Using age-period-cohort modelling, the number of cases expected in 1991–2000, based on pre-PSA trends, 1971–1990, was compared with th...
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Article
Open AccessExcess cases of prostate cancer and estimated overdiagnosis associated with PSA testing in East Anglia
This study aimed to estimate the extent of ‘overdiagnosis’ of prostate cancer attributable to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing in the Cambridge area between 1996 and 2002. Overdiagnosis was defined conc...
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Open AccessErratum: Excess cases of prostate cancer and estimated overdiagnosis associated with PSA testing in East Anglia
Correction to: British Journal of Cancer (2006) 95, 401–405, doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6603246 Owing to an author error, there was an erroneous statement presented in the Abstract of the above paper. Where it was sta...
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Article
Open AccessFamily history and risk of lung cancer: age-at-diagnosis in cases and first-degree relatives
To investigate the little known risk of lung cancer at an early age when a first-degree relative has had such a diagnosis, 579 incident cases and 1157 population controls were studied in Liverpool between 1998...
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Open AccessA case–control study of the impact of the East Anglian breast screening programme on breast cancer mortality
Although breast cancer screening has been shown to work in randomised trials, there is a need to evaluate service screening programmes to ensure that they are delivering the benefit indicated by the trials. We...
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Open AccessEarly onset of breast cancer in a group of British black women
Since there are no published data on breast cancer in British black women, we sought to determine whether, like African-American women, they present at a younger age with biologically distinct disease patterns...
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Article
Open AccessThe LLP risk model: an individual risk prediction model for lung cancer
Using a model-based approach, we estimated the probability that an individual, with a specified combination of risk factors, would develop lung cancer within a 5-year period.
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Open AccessReply: Early onset of breast cancer in British black women
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Open AccessScreen-detected vs symptomatic breast cancer: is improved survival due to stage migration alone?
This paper examines whether screen-detected breast cancer confers additional prognostic benefit to the patient, over and above that expected by any shift in stage at presentation. In all, 5604 women (aged 50–7...
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Article
Open AccessLung cancer screening: the way forward
To take lung cancer screening into national programmes, we first have to answer the question whether low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening and treatment of early lesions will decrease lung cancer morta...
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Open AccessSecond breast cancers in a Tuscan case series: characteristics, prognosis, and predictors of survival
Little is known about long-term outcomes following a second breast cancer diagnosis. We describe the epidemiology, characteristics and prognosis of second breast cancers in an Italian cohort. We identified wom...
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Open AccessReply: Early onset of breast cancer in black British women: how reliable are the findings?
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Open AccessComplexities in the estimation of overdiagnosis in breast cancer screening
There is interest in estimating and attributing temporal changes in incidence of breast cancer in relation to the initiation of screening programmes, in particular to estimation of overdiagnosis of breast canc...
