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Article
Branched-chain amino acid catabolism in muscle affects systemic BCAA levels but not insulin resistance
Elevated levels of plasma branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) have been associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes since the 1960s. Pharmacological activation of branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogen...
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Article
The Interface Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Niobium-316L Stainless Steel Explosively Welded Composite Plate
In order to manufacture stainless steel helium vessels for the superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities, niobium-316L stainless steel composite plates were fabricated by explosive welding technique. The ...
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Article
Dissociation of muscle insulin sensitivity from exercise endurance in mice by HDAC3 depletion
Genetic deletion of HDAC3, a circadian epigenome regulator, specifically in skeletal muscle alters amino acid metabolism, leading to increased muscle endurance but at the cost of whole-body insulin resistance.
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Article
A branched-chain amino acid metabolite drives vascular fatty acid transport and causes insulin resistance
Fatty acid transport from blood vessels to skeletal muscle, across endothelial cells, is regulated by the branched chain amino acid metabolite 3-hydroxy-isobutyrate. This finding provides a mechanistic explana...
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Article
Hepatic insulin signalling is dispensable for suppression of glucose output by insulin in vivo
Insulin signalling and nutrient levels coordinate the metabolic response to feeding in the liver. Insulin signals in hepatocytes to activate Akt, which inhibits Foxo1 suppressing hepatic glucose production (HG...
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Article
The role of mouse Akt2 in insulin-dependent suppression of adipocyte lipolysis in vivo
The release of fatty acids from adipocytes, i.e. lipolysis, is maintained under tight control, primarily by the opposing actions of catecholamines and insulin. A widely accepted model is that insulin antagonis...
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Article
Biguanides suppress hepatic glucagon signalling by decreasing production of cyclic AMP
Biguanides such as metformin, which is the most widely prescribed drug for type-2 diabetes, are shown to antagonize the actions of glucagon by decreasing the levels of cyclic AMP.
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Article
Insulin regulates liver metabolism in vivo in the absence of hepatic Akt and Foxo1
The insulin signaling pathway regulating glucose homeostasis that has been well accepted is insulin-to-insulin receptor-to-IRS proteins-to-PI3K-to-Akt-to-Foxo1—a pathway that does not respond properly in state...
