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Chapter
Recognition and Signaling in Plant-Pathogen Interactions: Implications for Genetic Engineering
Plants are continually exposed to potential pathogens yet for the most part they remain healthy. The ability to resist disease reflects the operation of highly effective defense mechanisms. Plant defenses make...
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Article
Programmed cell death, mitochondria and the plant hypersensitive response
The plant response to attempted infection by microbial pathogens is often accompanied by rapid cell death in and around the initial infection site, a reaction known as the hypersensitive response. This respons...
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Chapter
Farms: Lost in the Maize
A fictional case study involving a farmer growing genetically modified crops without informing his neighbors.
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Article
Functional characterization of two new members of the caffeoyl CoA O-methyltransferase-like gene family from Vanilla planifolia reveals a new class of plastid-localized O-methyltransferases
Caffeoyl CoA O-methyltransferases (OMTs) have been characterized from numerous plant species and have been demonstrated to be involved in lignin biosynthesis. Higher plant species are known to have additional caf...
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Article
High resolution imaging of the intracranial vessel wall at 3 and 7 T using 3D fast spin echo MRI
High resolution MRI of the intracranial vessel wall provides important insights in the assessment of intracranial vascular disease. This study aims to refine high resolution 3D MRI techniques for intracranial ...
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Chapter
The Role of the NREF Endovascular and Cerebrovascular Courses in Neurosurgical Residency and Fellowship Training and Future Directions
In 1980, the National Education and Research Foundation was established by the American Association of Neurological Surgeons. One of its primary goals is to provide education to Neurosurgeons at all stages of ...
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Article
Open AccessMicrosurgical dissection of Sylvian fissure—short technical videos of third generation cerebrovascular neurosurgeons
Multiple intracranial pathologies, including aneurysms of the middle cerebral artery, distal basilar artery, and suprasellar pathologies require the microsurgical opening of the Sylvian fissure. Delicate split...
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Article
The re-anastomosis end-to-end bypass technique: a comprehensive review of the technical characteristics and surgical experience
Re-anastomosis end-to-end bypass is a straightforward subtype of intracranial-intracranial reconstruction technique that has been utilized to treat complex aneurysms and skull base tumors. This simple techniqu...
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Article
Open AccessCyclo-oxygenase 2, a putative mediator of vessel remodeling, is expressed in the brain AVM vessels and associates with inflammation
Brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVM) may rupture causing disability or death. BAVM vessels are characterized by abnormally high flow that in general triggers expansive vessel remodeling mediated by cyclo-o...
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Article
Open AccessQuantifying activities of daily living impairment in Parkinson’s disease using the Functional Activities Questionnaire
Cognitive-driven activity of daily living (ADL) impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is increasingly discussed as prodromal marker for dementia. Diagnostic properties of assessments for this specific ADL imp...
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Article
Open AccessUniversal clinical Parkinson’s disease axes identify a major influence of neuroinflammation
There is large individual variation in both clinical presentation and progression between Parkinson’s disease patients. Generation of deeply and longitudinally phenotyped patient cohorts has enormous potential...
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Article
Open AccessTrauma-specific mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for women with post-traumatic stress disorder and a history of domestic abuse: intervention refinement and a randomised feasibility trial (coMforT study)
Women who have experienced domestic violence and abuse (DVA) are at increased risk of develo** post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (CPTSD). In 2014–2015, we developed a prototype trauma-sp...
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Article
Open AccessGenetic meta-analysis of levodopa induced dyskinesia in Parkinson’s disease
The genetic basis of levodopa-induced-dyskinesia (LiD) is poorly understood, and there have been few well-powered genome-wide studies. We performed a genome-wide survival meta-analyses to study the effect of g...
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Article
Open AccessTwo sample Mendelian Randomisation using an outcome from a multilevel model of disease progression
Identifying factors that are causes of disease progression, especially in neurodegenerative diseases, is of considerable interest. Disease progression can be described as a trajectory of outcome over time—for ...