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Article
Open AccessSchlafen 12 restricts HIV-1 latency reversal by a codon-usage dependent post-transcriptional block in CD4+ T cells
Latency is a major barrier towards virus elimination in HIV-1-infected individuals. Yet, the mechanisms that contribute to the maintenance of HIV-1 latency are incompletely understood. Here we describe the Sch...
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Article
Open AccessLimited induction of polyfunctional lung-resident memory T cells against SARS-CoV-2 by mRNA vaccination compared to infection
Resident memory T cells (TRM) present at the respiratory tract may be essential to enhance early SARS-CoV-2 viral clearance, thus limiting viral infection and disease. While long-term antigen-specific TRM are det...
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Article
Open AccessPeripheral and lung resident memory T cell responses against SARS-CoV-2
Resident memory T cells (TRM) positioned within the respiratory tract are probably required to limit SARS-CoV-2 spread and COVID-19. Importantly, TRM are mostly non-recirculating, which reduces the window of oppo...
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Article
Recommendations for measuring HIV reservoir size in cure-directed clinical trials
Therapeutic strategies are being clinically tested either to eradicate latent HIV reservoirs or to achieve virologic control in the absence of antiretroviral therapy. Attaining this goal will require a consens...
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Article
Open AccessResident memory T cells are a cellular reservoir for HIV in the cervical mucosa
HIV viral reservoirs are established very early during infection. Resident memory T cells (TRM) are present in tissues such as the lower female genital tract, but the contribution of this subset of cells to the p...
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Article
Open AccessExpression of CD20 after viral reactivation renders HIV-reservoir cells susceptible to Rituximab
The identification of exclusive markers to target HIV-reservoir cells will represent a significant advance in the search for therapies to cure HIV. Here, we identify the B lymphocyte antigen CD20 as a marker f...
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Reference Work Entry In depth
T Memory Stem Cells
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Article
Open AccessLack of concordance between residual viremia and viral variants driving de novo infection of CD4+ T cells on ART
In most patients, current antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens can rapidly reduce plasma viral load. However, even after years of effective treatment, a significant proportion of patients show residual plasma...
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Article
HIV-1 persistence in CD4+ T cells with stem cell–like properties
Understanding how and where HIV-1 infection persists in the body is crucial for efforts to eradicate the viral reservoir. Now Mathias Lichterfeld and his colleagues report that HIV-1 can infect CD4+ T memory stem...
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Living Reference Work Entry In depth
T Memory Stem Cells
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Article
Open AccessReactivation of latent HIV-1 in central memory CD4+T cells through TLR-1/2 stimulation
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are crucial for recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns by cells of the innate immune system. TLRs are present and functional in CD4+ T cells. Memory CD4+ T cells, predomi...
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Article
HIV-1 replication and immune dynamics are affected by raltegravir intensification of HAART-suppressed subjects
Despite highly active antiretroviral therapy, active replication persists and drives immune activation in some individuals with HIV. This activation is higher if therapy is intensified by additional antiretrov...
