24 Result(s)
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Madhavan P. N. Nair
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Article
Tunable synthesis solid or hollow Au–Ag nanostructure, assembled with GO and comparative study of their catalytic properties
In this work, we demonstrated a simple and efficacious two-step method for the synthesis of Ag@Au core–shell nanoparticles (Ag@AuNPs) and the Ag/Au hollow nanocages (Ag/AuNCs) with Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) as ...
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Open AccessHIV and Cocaine Impact Glial Metabolism: Energy Sensor AMP-activated protein kinase Role in Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Epigenetic Remodeling
HIV infection and cocaine use have been identified as risk factors for triggering neuronal dysfunction. In the central nervous system (CNS), energy resource and metabolic function are regulated by astroglia. G...
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Open AccessHIV Subtypes B and C gp120 and Methamphetamine Interaction: Dopaminergic System Implicates Differential Neuronal Toxicity
HIV subtypes or clades differentially induce HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) and substance abuse is known to accelerate HIV disease progression. The HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 plays a major ro...
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MicroRNA: implications in HIV, a brief overview
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 20–22 nucleotide length noncoding RNA molecules that represent key regulators of many normal cellular functions. miRNAs undergo two processing steps which transform a long primary transc...
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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 clade B and C gp120 differentially induce neurotoxin arachidonic acid in human astrocytes: implications for neuroAIDS
HIV-1 clades (subtypes) differentially contribute to the neuropathogenesis of HIV-associated dementia (HAD) in neuroAIDS. HIV-1 envelop protein, gp120, plays a major role in neuronal function. It is not well u...
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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 clade B and C Tat differentially induce indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and serotonin in immature dendritic cells: Implications for neuroAIDS
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is commonly associated with immune dysfunctions and the suppression of antigen-presenting cells. This results in immune alterations, which could lead to impaired neu...
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Interactive role of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) clade-specific Tat protein and cocaine in blood-brain barrier dysfunction: Implications for HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorder
In recent years, increasing interest has emerged to assess the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) clade C viral pathogenesis due to its anticipated spread in the United States and other western countr...
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AZT 5′-triphosphate nanoformulation suppresses human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Inefficient cellular phosphorylation of nucleoside and nucleotide analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) to their active nucleoside 5′-triphosphate (NTPs) form is one of the limitations for human immu...
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Article
Methamphetamine Enhances HIV-1 Infectivity in Monocyte Derived Dendritic Cells
The US is currently experiencing an epidemic of methamphetamine (Meth) use as a recreational drug. Recent studies also show a high prevalence of HIV-1 infection among Meth users. We report that Meth enhances H...
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RNAi-Directed Inhibition of DC-SIGN by Dendritic Cells: Prospects for HIV-1 Therapy
Drag-resistant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections are increasing globally, especially in North America. Therefore, it is logical to develop new therapies directed against HIV binding molecules on su...
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Article
Methamphetamine Modulates DC-SIGN Expression by Mature Dendritic Cells
We report that methamphetamine (meth) may act as cofactor in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 pathogenesis by increasing dendritic cell (DC)-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3 (ICAM-3) grabbing non...
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Methamphetamine Modulates Gene Expression Patterns in Monocyte Derived Mature Dendritic Cells
Background: The US is currently experiencing a grave epidemic of methamphetamine use as a recreational drug, and the risk for HIV-1 infection attributable to methamphetamine use continues to incr...
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Article
RNAi-directed inhibition of DC-SIGN by dendritic cells: Prospects for HIV-1 therapy
Drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections are increasing globally, especially in North America. Therefore, it is logical to develop new therapies directed against HIV binding molecules on su...
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Article
Effector cell mediated cytotoxicity measured by intracellular Granzyme B release in HIV infected subjects
CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity is currently believed to be one of the key immunologic mechanisms responsible for the prevention or attenuation of HIV-1 infection. The induction of CD8+ T cell activ...
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Effect of Cocaine on Chemokine and CCR- 5 Gene Expression by Mononuclear Cells from Normal Donors and HIV-1 Infected Patients
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Contributory presentations/posters
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Chapter
Biological Activities of HIV-Specific Peptides
Infection with different viruses may produce immunologic dysfunctions in the host ranging from immunodeficiency states to autoimmune disorders. Generally it was assumed that these actions were related to the d...
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Article
Potentiation of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate–Mediated Brain Injury by a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1–Derived Peptide in Perinatal Rodents
ABSTRACT: In this study, we tested the hypothesis that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-derived peptides augment the neurotoxicity of excitatory amino acid agonists in vivo in postnatal day (PND) 7 rats. S...
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Chapter
Suppressive Effect of Alcohol on Normal Lymphocyte Proliferative Response to HIV Antigens
Previous studies have shown that chronic alcohol intake is associated with abnormalities of humoral and cellular immune functions (Mutchnick and Lee, 1988; McKeever et al., 1988). Infection by the human immunodef...
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Chapter
Lymphokine-Activated Killer (LAK) Cell Activity in Psychiatric Illness
There is now a great deal of evidence that the central nervous system and the immune system are closely interrelated (Ader, 1981). Messengers from the brain are now known to affect immune regulation. Similarly...
