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Chapter
Metabolism and physiological significance of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligands
Arachidonic acid is known to be metabolized into a number of bioactive eicosanoids such as prostaglandins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes, lipoxins and mono-and dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids. It is well known th...
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Article
Hen egg yolk and white contain high amounts of lysophosphatidic acids, growth factor-like lipids: Distinct Molecular species compositions
Hen egg yolk and white were found to contain high amounts of lysophosphatidic acid (acyl LPA) in addition to small amounts of lysoplasmanic acid (alkyl LPA). The levels of acyl LPA in hen egg yolk (44.23 nmol/...
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Article
Biphasic effect of cadmium ions on the secretion of leukotriene B4 in rabbit alveolar macrophages
One major role of alveolar macrophages is the production of eicosanoids, which modulate immune and inflammatory processes in the lung. In this study, the effects were investigated of cadmium ions on the secre...
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Article
Mercuric chloride induces the production of leukotriene B4 by rabbit alveolar macrophages
The effects of HgCl2 on the production of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) by rabbit alveolar macrophages were investigated. Alveolar macrophages synthesized only a small amount of LTB4 when incubated in Hanks’ balanced sal...
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Article
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate accumulation in brain of lithium-treated rats
The mechanism of action of lithium as a drug for patients with affective disorders was investigated. Three-week-old male rats were orally administered 2.7 mEq Li2CO3/kg/d for 1 or 3 wk, and phosphatidylinositol (...
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Article
Inhibition of the liberation of arachidonic acid by cadmium ions in rabbit alveolar macrophages
The effects of CdCl2 on the liberation of arachidonic acid (20∶4) from membrane phospholipids of A23187-stimulated rabbit alveolar macrophages and on the activity of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in a cytosolic fractio...
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Article
Regulation of the biosynthesis of platelet-activating factor in alveolar macrophages
Activities of enzymes which metabolize lysoplatelet-activating factor (lysoPAF) and platelet-activating factor (PAF) were studied in rabbit alveolar macrophage lysates. Substantial acetyltransferase activity w...
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Article
Production of platelet-activating factor by human normodense and hypodense eosinophils
Normodense eosinophils and neutrophils from normal donors produced considerable amounts of plateletactivating factor (PAF) when stimulated with ionophore A23187. PAF produced by eosinophils appeared to be degr...
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Article
Transient activation of 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine: Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase during the incubation of macrophages
The activity of the platelet-activating factor (PAF)-synthesizing enzyme, 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (lysoPAF):acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.67) in alveolar macrophage lysate was found to be e...
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Article
Effects of zinc deficiency on the fatty acid composition and metabolism in rats fed a fat-free diet
The effects of dietary zinc deficiency (ZD) on the composition and metabolism of the fatty acyl chains of phospholipids in rat liver were investigated with a fat-free diet. The levels of (n−9) fatty acids such as...
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Article
Phospholipid analysis of human eosinophils: High levels of alkylacylglycerophosphocholine (PAF precursor)
The phospholipid composition and fatty acid profiles of human eosinophils were studied. Extremely high levels of ether phospholipids were found in this type of cell, such as alkylacylglycerophosphocholine (GPC...
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Protocol
Phospholipids
Lipids in adult human brain account for 33% of the dry weight of the gray matter and 55% of the white matter (Bowen et al., 1974). The brain contains two major cell types: neurons, which are functionally activ...
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Article
Formation of diacyl and alkylacyl glycerophosphocholine in rabbit alveolar macrophages
The incorporation of various labeled precursors into alkenylacyl, alkylacyl and diacyl phospholipids in rabbit alveolar macrophages was studied. The incorporation rates of the individual precursors were shown ...
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Chapter
Composition of Alkyl Ether-Linked Phospholipids in Mammalian Tissues
In 1979, the structure of a lipid chemical mediator of hypersensitivity, platelet-activating factor (PAF) (Benveniste et al., 1972), was proposed to be that of an alkyl ether-containing phospholipid, l-O-alkyl-2-...
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Article
Effect of clofibric acid on the molecular species composition of diacyl glycerophosphocholine of rat liver microsomes
The effect of administeringp-chlorophenoxyisobutyric (clofibric) acid to rats on the molecular species composition of diacyl-glycerophosphocholine (GPC) of rat liver microsomes was studied. Microsomal choline gly...
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Article
Synthesis of the dipalmitoyl species of diacyl glycerophosphocholine by rabbit alveolar macrophages
The distribution of radioactivity among the molecular species of diacyl glycerophosphocholine of rabbit alveolar macrophages was determined after incubation with [3H]glycerol and 1-[14C]palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-pho...
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Article
Determination of the amounts of free arachidonic acid in resident and activated rabbit alveolar macrophages by fluorometric high performance liquid chromatography
An improved method of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been developed for the separation and quantitation of low levels of free fatty acids as they occur in mammalian tissues. The fatty acid a...
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Article
Different fatty chain compositions of alkenylacyl, alkylacyl and diacyl phospholipids in rabbit alveolar macrophages: High amounts of arachidonic acid in ether phospholipids
High levels of ether phospholipids were found in rabbit alveolar macrophages. Choline phosphoglycerides (CPG) contained a significant amount of alkylacyl compound (32.5%). On the other hand, ethanolamine phosp...
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Chapter
Metabolism of Docosahexaenoic-Acid-Containing Species of Ether Phospholipid in Rat Brain
The metabolism of hexaene species of ethanolamine plasmalogen (1-alk-1’-enyl-2-acylglycero-3-phosphoethanol-amine, alkenylacyl-GPE) and 1-alkyl-2-acylglycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (alkylacyl-GPE) was studied b...
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Article
Alkenyl and alkyl ether phospholipids in pig mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes
Significant amounts of alkenyl and alkyl ether phosphoglycerides were found in pig mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes. The choline phosphoglycerides are composed of 2.6% alkenyl ether and 25.7% alkyl ether comp...
