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Article
Kidney Function and Cardiovascular Disease: Evidence from Observational Studies and Mendelian Randomization Analyses
Observational studies have identified that declined kidney function was associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the causation of such associations requires further exploration. ...
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Chapter
Cement Concrete
Cement concrete is extensively used in transportation infrastructures such as bridges, tunnels, and airports. The workability of fresh concrete is essential for transport and casting, while the strength and du...
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Chapter
Asphalt
Asphalt is a commonly used organic binder in paving mixtures. It is usually a by-product from the petroleum refining. Asphalt is an essential component of asphalt mixture. The properties of asphalt determine h...
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Chapter
Steel
Steel is a metal building material, characterized with high strength and versatility. Both structural steel and reinforcement steel which is used in combination with concrete and masonry structures are widely ...
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Chapter
Fundamentals of Civil Engineering Materials
Civil engineering materials are the general terms for all types of materials used in civil engineering. The civil engineering materials for transportation infrastructure mainly include aggregates, inorganic an...
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Book
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Chapter
Inorganic Binding Materials
Inorganic binding materials in civil engineering mainly include lime and Portland cement. They can be mixed with water to form pastes and then harden to obtain strength. This chapter starts by introducing the ...
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Chapter
Inorganic Binder Stabilized Materials
The inorganic binder stabilized material (IBSM) is a mixture of crushed or originally loose soils and/or aggregates, inorganic binding materials and water. It hardens after compaction and curing to obtain suff...
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Chapter
Asphalt Mixture
Asphalt mixture is a blend of asphalt binder and aggregates, and is the most widely used paving material. The properties of asphalt mixture directly determine pavement performance. Therefore, how to evaluate t...
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Chapter
Aggregates
Aggregates are granular materials used either as underlying materials for foundations and pavements or as skeleton structure and filling in Portland cement concrete and asphalt mixture. The physical properties...
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Article
Open AccessThe causal associations of circulating amino acids with blood pressure: a Mendelian randomization study
Circulating levels of amino acids were associated with blood pressure (BP) in observational studies. However, the causation of such associations has been hypothesized but is difficult to prove in human studies...
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Article
Open AccessAssociations of visceral adipose tissue with bone mineral density and fracture: observational and Mendelian randomization studies
The associations between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and bone mineral density (BMD) or fracture have been controversial and the causality of the associations remains to be assessed. This study aimed to explo...
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Article
Open AccessThe effectiveness of different education methods conducted at different times for decreasing the time required for a parturient to position herself for epidural placement
Decreasing the anaesthesia preparation time for primiparas experiencing painful uterine contractions is clinically relevant. This prospective intervention study investigated the effect of various educational m...
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Article
Open AccessProgression of type 1 diabetes from latency to symptomatic disease is predicted by distinct autoimmune trajectories
Development of islet autoimmunity precedes the onset of type 1 diabetes in children, however, the presence of autoantibodies does not necessarily lead to manifest disease and the onset of clinical symptoms is ...
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Article
Open AccessLeveraging artificial intelligence for pandemic preparedness and response: a sco** review to identify key use cases
Artificial intelligence (AI) represents a valuable tool that could be widely used to inform clinical and public health decision-making to effectively manage the impacts of a pandemic. The objective of this sco...
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Article
Open AccessThe effect of gestational diabetes mellitus on sufentanil consumption after cesarean section: a prospective cohort study
Previous studies have shown that patients with long-term diabetes require more opioids after surgery than patients without diabetes. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) normally only lasts for a brief period; ...
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Article
Open AccessImpacts of air pollutants from rural Chinese households under the rapid residential energy transition
Rural residential energy consumption in China is experiencing a rapid transition towards clean energy, nevertheless, solid fuel combustion remains an important emission source. Here we quantitatively evaluate ...
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Article
Open AccessArtificial intelligence and machine learning in clinical development: a translational perspective
Future of clinical development is on the verge of a major transformation due to convergence of large new digital data sources, computing power to identify clinically meaningful patterns in the data using effic...
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Article
Open AccessPredicting adverse drug reactions through interpretable deep learning framework
Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are unintended and harmful reactions caused by normal uses of drugs. Predicting and preventing ADRs in the early stage of the drug development pipeline can help to enhance drug sa...
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Article
The presence of cancerous nodules in lymph nodes is a novel indicator of distant metastasis and poor survival in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma
Several characteristics of lymph node metastasis (LNM) as predictors of the risk of recurrence or death were examined in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The presence of cancerous nodules as a ...
