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In antibody-positive first-degree relatives of patients with type 1 diabetes, HLA-A*24 and HLA-B*18, but not HLA-B*39, are predictors of impending diabetes with distinct HLA-DQ interactions
Secondary type 1 diabetes prevention trials require selection of participants with impending diabetes. HLA-A and -B alleles have been reported to promote disease progression. We investigated whether ty** for HL...
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Article
Zinc transporter (ZnT)8186–194 is an immunodominant CD8+ T cell epitope in HLA-A2+ type 1 diabetic patients
Anti-zinc transporter (ZnT)8 autoantibodies are commonly detected in type 1 diabetic patients. We hypothesised that ZnT8 is also recognised by CD8+ T cells and aimed to identify HLA-A2 (A*02:01)-restricted epitop...
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Article
An important minority of prediabetic first-degree relatives of type 1 diabetic patients derives from seroconversion to persistent autoantibody positivity after 10 years of age
The appearance of autoantibodies (Abs) before diabetes onset has mainly been studied in young children. However, most patients develop type 1 diabetes after the age of 15 years. In first-degree relatives aged ...
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Article
Getting beta all the time: discovery of reliable markers of beta cell mass
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Predictive power of screening for antibodies against insulinoma-associated protein 2 beta (IA-2β) and zinc transporter-8 to select first-degree relatives of type 1 diabetic patients with risk of rapid progression to clinical onset of the disease: implications for prevention trials
We investigated whether screening for insulinoma-associated protein (IA-2) beta (IA-2β) autoantibodies (IA-2βA) and zinc transporter-8 (ZnT8) autoantibodies (ZnT8A) improves identification of first-degree rela...
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Article
Cytokine-mediated induction of anti-apoptotic genes that are linked to nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signalling in human islets and in a mouse beta cell line
The destruction of pancreatic beta cells leading to type 1 diabetes in humans is thought to occur mainly through apoptosis and necrosis induced by activated macrophages and T cells, and in which secreted cytok...
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Article
Association between anti-ZnT8 autoantibody specificities and SLC30A8 Arg325Trp variant in Japanese patients with type 1 diabetes
We analysed the association between humoral autoreactivity to zinc transporter-8 (ZnT8) and the SLC30A8 rs13266634 polymorphism (Arg325Trp), which is located at the most distal loop in the ZnT8 protein.
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Article
Global gene expression profiling and histochemical analysis of the develo** human fetal pancreas
An immunohistochemical and genomic analysis of human pancreatic development from 9–23 weeks of fetal age was undertaken to provide a comparative analysis of human and murine islet development.
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Article
Dominant negative mutant forms of the cAMP response element binding protein induce apoptosis and decrease the anti-apoptotic action of growth factors in human islets
Transplantation of islets is a viable option for the treatment of diabetes. A significant proportion of islets is lost during isolation, storage and after transplantation as a result of apoptosis. cAMP respons...
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Article
Deletion of the gene encoding the islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein autoantigen results in a mild metabolic phenotype
Islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein (IGRP, now known as glucose-6-phosphatase, catalytic, 2 [G6PC2]) has recently been identified as a major autoantigen in mouse and human ty...
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A new model of insulin-deficient diabetes: male NOD mice with a single copy of Ins1 and no Ins2
We describe a novel model of insulin-deficient diabetes with a single copy of the gene encoding insulin 1 (Ins1) and no gene encoding insulin 2 (Ins2).
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Article
Alternative splicing of G6PC2, the gene coding for the islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein (IGRP), results in differential expression in human thymus and spleen compared with pancreas
Autoimmunity to insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase and the tyrosine-phosphatase-like protein IA-2 is associated with type 1 diabetes. The production of self-molecules in thymus and secondary lymphoid tissues...
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Article
Humoral autoreactivity to an alternatively spliced variant of ICA512/IA-2 in Type I diabetes
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35th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes
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Intracellular localization and molecular heterogeneity of the sulphonylurea receptor in insulin-secreting cells
Sulphonylureas stimulate insulin secretion by binding to a receptor in the pancreatic beta-cell plasma membrane resulting in inhibition of ATP-sensitive K+ channels, membrane depolarization and thus influx of Ca2...
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T-cell reactivity to 38 kD insulin-secretory granule protein in patients with recent onset type 1 diabetes
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The tissue distribution of rat chromogranin A-derived peptides: evidence for differential tissue processing from sequence specific antisera
The distribution of chromogranin A and related peptides in rat tissues was investigated using sequence specific antisera. N- and C-terminal antisera and a presumptive C-terminal rat pancreastatin antiserum imm...
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Article
Localisation of islet amyloid polypeptide and its carboxy terminal flanking peptide in islets of diabetic man and monkey
Islet amyloid polypeptide is a normal constituent of islet Beta cells and is derived from a larger precursor by removal of flanking peptides at the carboxy (C) and amino (N) terminals. The role of these flanki...
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Article
The insulin secretory granule
The insulin secretory granule of the pancreatic B cell is a complex intracellular organelle comprised of a many proteins with different catalytic activities and messenger functions. With the advent of tumour m...
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The mechanism of chromogranin A processing