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Open AccessAccumulation of connective tissue growth factor+ cells during the early phase of rat traumatic brain injury
Glial scar formation is a common histopathological feature of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Astrogliosis and expression of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) are key components of scar formation and blood...
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Article
Open AccessAccumulation of Fascin+ cells during experimental autoimmune neuritis
Experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) is a well-known animal model of human demyelinating polyneuropathies and is characterized by inflammation and demyelination in the peripheral nervous system. Fascin is an...
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Open AccessEntada africana fraction CH2Cl2/MEOH 5% inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase and pro-inflammatory cytokines gene expression induced by lipopolysaccharide in microglia
Inflammatory response in the CNS mediated by microglia cells play an important role in host defense and is implicated in the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases. We investigated the capacity of Entada african...
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Lesional infiltration of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand+ cells in experimental autoimmune neuritis rats
Experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) is a T cell-mediated autoimmune demyelinating inflammatory disease of the peripheral nervous system. Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), a member of the tumor nec...
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Article
Nanosilver: application and novel aspects of toxicology
Nanomaterials are a challenge to toxicology. The high diversity of novel materials and products will require extensive expertize for evaluation and regulatory efforts. Nanomaterials are of substantial scientif...
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Doxycycline Attenuates Peripheral Inflammation in Rat Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis
Experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) is a T cell-mediated autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating disease of the peripheral nervous system and widely-used animal model of human inflammatory demyelinating polyr...
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Antimicrobial Peptides in the Brain
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are an evolutionarily conserved component of the innate immune system of many species. The brain is an immunologically privileged organ but can produce a robust immune response ag...
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Article
Open AccessGold nanoparticle-based biosensors
The unique properties of gold nanoparticles have stimulated the increasing interest in the application of GNPs in interfacing biological recognition events with signal transduction and in designing biosensing ...
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Apoptosis induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles in cultured murine microglia N9 cells
Owing to the rapidly increasing output of nano-scale titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles, their potential risk for central nerve system (CNS) has elicited much concern recently. Microglia is the resident macrophage...
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Dexamethasone suppresses infiltration of RhoA+ cells into early lesions of rat traumatic brain injury
Inflammatory cell infiltration is a major part of secondary tissue damage in traumatic brain injury (TBI). RhoA is an important member of Rho GTPases and is involved in leukocyte migration. Inhibition of RhoA ...
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Reply: p43 and endothelial monocyte activation polypeptide II (EMAP-II) in CNS pathology
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Dexamethasone attenuates early expression of three molecules associated with microglia/macrophages activation following rat traumatic brain injury
Corticosteroids have been used in the treatment of human traumatic brain injury (TBI), which is a leading cause of death and disability, but their efficiency is still a matter of debate. Dexamethasone was cons...
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Open AccessExpression of interleukin-16 by tumor-associated macrophages/activated microglia in high-grade astrocytic brain tumors
Macrophages/microglial cells are considered as immune cells in the central nervous system. Interleukin (IL)-16 is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by activated monocytic cells.
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Acute but not chronic stimulation of glial cells in rat spinal cord by systemic injection of lipopolysaccharide is associated with hyperalgesia
We have analyzed development of mechanical hyperalgesia after repeated systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injections and correlated these findings with stimulation of astrocytes and microglia in spinal cord. Ma...
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Molecular addresses of tumors: selection by in vivo phage display
In vivo phage display has been used extensively to screen for novel targets of tumor therapy. Phage display peptide libraries can express random peptides or protein fragments and the aim of phage display is to id...
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Article
Therapeutic effects of cisplatin on rat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Introduction: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a prototypic Th1-mediated autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS), and serves as a model for t...
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Article
Uptake, cellular distribution and novel cellular binding proteins of immunostimulatory CpG oligodeoxynucleotides in glioblastoma cells
Glioblastomas are the most malignant and most frequent brain tumors and exciting targets of gene and immunotherapy. Despite rapid development of experimental therapy little is known about the cellular behaviou...
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Expression and release of CD14 in astrocytic brain tumors
CD14 is a membrane-bound lipopolysaccharide receptor or, lacking the glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor, is secreted to modulate cellular and humoral immune response by interacting directly with T and B cells...
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Cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 in brains of patients who died with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Cyclooxygenases (COXs) mediate inflammation, immunomodulation, blood flow, apoptosis, and fever in various diseases of the brain. Whereas COX-2 is cytokine inducible, COX-1 is expressed by macrophages/microgli...
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CD14 expression by activated parenchymal microglia/macrophages and infiltrating monocytes following human traumatic brain injury
The immune response in the central nervous system (CNS) is under tight control of regulatory mechanisms, resulting in the establishment of immune privilege. CNS injury induces an acute inflammatory reaction, ...