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Article
Open AccessSevere morbidity and hospital-based mortality from Rift Valley fever disease between November 2017 and March 2020 among humans in Uganda
Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a zoonotic viral disease of increasing intensity among humans in Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. In Uganda, cases reported prior to 2016 were mild or not fully documented. We repor...
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Article
Using cross-species vaccination approaches to counter emerging infectious diseases
Since the initial use of vaccination in the eighteenth century, our understanding of human and animal immunology has greatly advanced and a wide range of vaccine technologies and delivery systems have been dev...
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Article
Open AccessTemporal trends of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence during the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in Kenya
Observed SARS-CoV-2 infections and deaths are low in tropical Africa raising questions about the extent of transmission. We measured SARS-CoV-2 IgG by ELISA in 9,922 blood donors across Kenya and adjusted for ...
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Article
Open AccessEndemic chikungunya fever in Kenyan children: a prospective cohort study
Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) was first described in Tanzania in 1952. Several epidemics including East Africa have occurred, but there are no descriptions of longitudinal surveillance of endemic disease. Here, we...
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Article
Open AccessSafety and efficacy of ChAdOx1 RVF vaccine against Rift Valley fever in pregnant sheep and goats
Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a zoonotic mosquito-borne virus that was first discovered in Kenya in 1930 and has since spread to become endemic in much of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. Rift Valley feve...
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Article
Open AccessProtective efficacy of a novel simian adenovirus vaccine against lethal MERS-CoV challenge in a transgenic human DPP4 mouse model
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a novel zoonotic virus that causes severe respiratory disease in humans with a case fatality rate close to 40%, but for which no vaccines are availabl...
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Article
Open AccessChimpanzee Adenovirus Vaccine Provides Multispecies Protection against Rift Valley Fever
Rift Valley Fever virus (RVFV) causes recurrent outbreaks of acute life-threatening human and livestock illness in Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. No licensed vaccines are currently available for humans and ...
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Article
Open AccessGlobal selection of Plasmodium falciparum virulence antigen expression by host antibodies
Parasite proteins called PfEMP1 that are inserted on the surface of infected erythrocytes, play a key role in the severe pathology associated with infection by the Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite. These pr...
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Protocol
Laboratory-Scale Production of Replication-Deficient Adenovirus Vectored Vaccines
Replication-deficient adenoviruses are potent vaccine development platforms used extensively for human and animal candidate vaccines, largely due to their very good safety and immunogenicity profile. In this c...
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Article
Open AccessAn assessment of the impact of host polymorphisms on Plasmodium falciparum vargene expression patterns among Kenyan children
Host genotype accounts for a component of the variability in susceptibility to childhood Plasmodium falciparum malaria. However, despite numerous examples of host polymorphisms associated with tolerance or resist...
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Article
Open AccessPlasmodium falciparumantigenic variation: relationships between widespread endothelial activation, parasite PfEMP1 expression and severe malaria
Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1(PfEMP1) is a family of variant surface antigens (VSA) that mediate the adhesion of parasite infected erythrocytes to capillary endothelial cells within host t...
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Article
Open AccessImmunogenicity and efficacy of a chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored Rift Valley Fever vaccine in mice
Rift Valley Fever (RVF) is a viral zoonosis that historically affects livestock production and human health in sub-Saharan Africa, though epizootics have also occurred in the Arabian Peninsula. Whilst an effec...
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Article
Open AccessPeripheral blood monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio at study enrollment predicts efficacy of the RTS,S malaria vaccine: analysis of pooled phase II clinical trial data
RTS,S is the most advanced candidate malaria vaccine but it is only partially protective and the causes of inter-individual variation in efficacy are poorly understood. Here, we investigated whether peripheral...
