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Article
PLD3 and PLD4 are single-stranded acid exonucleases that regulate endosomal nucleic-acid sensing
The sensing of microbial genetic material by leukocytes often elicits beneficial pro-inflammatory cytokines, but dysregulated responses can cause severe pathogenesis. Genome-wide association studies have linke...
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Protocol
The European Regulatory Environment of RNA-Based Vaccines
A variety of different mRNA-based drugs are currently in development. This became possible, since major breakthroughs in RNA research during the last decades allowed impressive improvements of translation, sta...
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Article
The P4-type ATPase ATP11C is essential for B lymphopoiesis in adult bone marrow
B cells arise via a precise developmental pathway. Goodnow and Beutler report that mice bearing mutations in Atp11c, which encodes a phosphatidylserine 'flippase', have defective B cell generation in the adult bo...
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Article
Dissection and molecular analysis of alloreactive CD8+ T cell responses in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
We applied a cDNA expression screening procedure with cryopreserved non-clonal CD8+ T cell populations (Lennerz et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102:16013-8, 2005) to the identification of candidate antigens...
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Article
Simultaneous ex vivo quantification of antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses using in vitro transcribed RNA
Assessment of antigen-specific T-cell responses has been greatly facilitated by development of ELISPOT and intracellular cytokine flow cytometry (CFC) assays. The use of autologous antigen presenting cells tra...
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Article
Redirection of T cells by delivering a transgenic mouse-derived MDM2 tumor antigen-specific TCR and its humanized derivative is governed by the CD8 coreceptor and affects natural human TCR expression
Retroviral transfer of T cell antigen receptor (TCR) genes selected by circumventing tolerance to broad tumor- and leukemia-associated antigens in human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0201 (A2.1) transgenic (Tg) mice ...
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Article
A phase I vaccination study with tyrosinase in patients with stage II melanoma using recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA-hTyr)
A significant percentage of patients with stage II melanomas suffer a relapse after surgery and therefore need the development of adjuvant therapies. In the study reported here, safety and immunological respon...
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Article
Subcutaneous injection of interleukin 12 induces systemic inflammatory responses in humans: implications for the use of IL-12 as vaccine adjuvant
Interleukin 12 (IL-12) is a cytokine with important regulatory functions bridging innate and adaptive immunity. It has been proposed as an immune adjuvant for vaccination therapy of infectious diseases and mal...
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Article
Cloning and functional analyses of the mouse tapasin promoter
The expression of tapasin is critical for an optimized MHC class I assembly and stable MHC class I surface expression. Thus, impaired MHC class I antigen expression of tumors can be attributable to tapasin dow...
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Article
Circumventing tolerance to a human MDM2-derived tumor antigen by TCR gene transfer
We identified a tumor-associated cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope derived from the widely expressed human MDM2 oncoprotein and were able to bypass self-tolerance to this tumor antigen in HLA-A*0201 (A2.1) tra...
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Article
Induction of accessory cell function of human alveolar macrophages by inhalation of human natural interleukin-2
Accessory function allows antigen-presenting cells to produce sufficient secondary signals for optimum T cell proliferation and interleukin-2 (IL-2) production. Alveolar macrophages are inferior accessory cel...
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Article
Restimulation in secondary MLC by a non-D-locus determinant within the MHC
By testing a family in which one offspring had inherited a chromosome including a recombination between theHLA-B andD loci, we sought to obtain some insight into whether determinants other than those atHLA-D are ...