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Article
Open AccessFHL1 promotes chikungunya and o’nyong-nyong virus infection and pathogenesis with implications for alphavirus vaccine design
Arthritogenic alphaviruses are positive-strand RNA viruses that cause debilitating musculoskeletal diseases affecting millions worldwide. A recent discovery identified the four-and-a-half-LIM domain protein 1 ...
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Article
Open AccessEarly biomarkers for prediction of severe manifestations of dengue fever: a systematic review and a meta-analysis
Early identification of dengue patients at risk of adverse outcomes is important to prevent hospital overcrowding in low- to middle- income countries during epidemics. We performed a systematic review to ident...
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Article
Open AccessIdentification of human progenitors of exhausted CD8+ T cells associated with elevated IFN-γ response in early phase of viral infection
T cell exhaustion is a hallmark of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and limits protective immunity in chronic viral infections and cancer. Limited knowledge exists of the initial viral and immune dynamics tha...
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Article
Open AccessEffect of prior Zika and dengue virus exposure on the severity of a subsequent dengue infection in adults
Given the structural similarity between Zika and dengue viruses, prior infection from one virus is hypothesized to modulate the severity of a subsequent infection from the other virus. A previous paediatric co...
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Article
Open AccessPeripheral NF-κB dysregulation in people with schizophrenia drives inflammation: putative anti-inflammatory functions of NF-κB kinases
Elevations in plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patient blood have been associated with impairments in cognitive abilities and more severe psychiatric symptoms in peop...
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Article
Open AccessAdaptation of Oxford Nanopore technology for hepatitis C whole genome sequencing and identification of within-host viral variants
Hepatitis C (HCV) and many other RNA viruses exist as rapidly mutating quasi-species populations in a single infected host. High throughput characterization of full genome, within-host variants is still not po...
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Article
Open AccessSingle molecule, near full-length genome sequencing of dengue virus
Current methods for dengue virus (DENV) genome amplification, amplify parts of the genome in at least 5 overlap** segments and then combine the output to characterize a full genome. This process is laborious...
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Article
Open AccessClearance of hepatitis C virus is associated with early and potent but narrowly-directed, Envelope-specific antibodies
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of very few viruses that are either naturally cleared, or alternatively persist to cause chronic disease. Viral diversity and escape, as well as host adaptive immune factors, are...
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Article
Response to Commentary: ‘Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, and Chronic Fatigue: Three Distinct Entities Requiring Complete Different Approaches’
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Article
The Invisible Burden of Chronic Fatigue in the Community: a Narrative Review
Unexplained fatigue is commonly reported in the general population, with varying severity. Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) sits at the extreme of the fatigue continuum, yet more ind...
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Article
Open AccessPersonalised relaxation practice to improve sleep and functioning in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and depression: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are both debilitating but heterogeneous conditions sharing core features of fatigue, unrefreshing sleep, and impaired functioning. The aetiolo...
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Article
Open AccessImpact of sequencing depth and read length on single cell RNA sequencing data of T cells
Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) provides great potential in measuring the gene expression profiles of heterogeneous cell populations. In immunology, scRNA-seq allowed the characterisation of transcript ...
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Article
Open AccessDynamic evolution of hepatitis C virus resistance-associated substitutions in the absence of antiviral treatment
Resistance against new hepatitis C virus (HCV) antivirals is an area of increasing interest. Resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) have been identified in treatment-naïve individuals, but pressures drivin...
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Article
Open AccessHIV infection is associated with higher levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and eotaxin among people with recent hepatitis C virus infection
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection leads to more rapid progression of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related liver fibrosis, which could be linked to differences in the severity of liver inflammation among ...
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Article
Open AccessA method for near full-length amplification and sequencing for six hepatitis C virus genotypes
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a rapidly evolving RNA virus that has been classified into seven genotypes. All HCV genotypes cause chronic hepatitis, which ultimately leads to liver diseases such as cirrhosis. The...
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Article
Open AccessAlanine aminotransferase, HCV RNA levels and pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrogenic cytokines/chemokines during acute hepatitis C virus infection
This study assessed the association of alanine-aminotransferase (ALT) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA levels with pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrogenic cytokines and chemokines during acute HCV infection to prov...
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Article
Open AccessAcquiring hepatitis C in prison: the social organisation of injecting risk
The potential for transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in prison settings is well established and directly associated with sharing of injecting and tattooing equipment, as well as physical violence. This st...
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Article
Mixed HCV infection and reinfection in people who inject drugs—impact on therapy
As a result of ongoing high-risk behaviours, people who inject drugs (PWID) might commonly harbour mixed HCV infections and are at risk of reinfection followin...
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Article
Alterations in Immune Function are Associated with Liver Enzyme Elevation in HIV and HCV Co-infection after Commencement of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy
The cause of liver enzyme elevation during combination antiretroviral therapy in people with human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus co-infection is unclear. We followed 12 subjects (five with alani...
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The Effects of Human Recombinant MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and Rantes on the Chemotaxis and Adhesion of T Cell Subsets
Different members of the chemokine superfamily chemoattract and activate specific leukocyte subsets. For example, IL-8 predominantly chemoattracts neutrophils in vivo, while MCAF is selectively chemotactic for...
