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Article
Open AccessProspects for online adaptive radiation therapy (ART) for head and neck cancer
The aim of the present study is to examine the impact of kV-CBCT-based online adaptive radiation therapy (ART) on dosimetric parameters in comparison to image-guided-radiotherapy (IGRT) in consecutive patients...
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Article
Open AccessEffects of wheat undersowing and sweet alyssum intercrop** on aphid and flea beetle infestation in white cabbage in Germany and Japan
An undersowing system with additional intercrop** of flowering plants was assessed in field trials in Germany and Japan to estimate regulating effects on pests and possible negative effects on white cabbage (Br...
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Article
Endogenous opioid systems and alcohol addiction
Alcohol exerts numerous pharmacological effects through its interaction with various neurotransmitters and neuromodulators. Among the latter, the endogenous opioids play a key role in the rewarding (addictive...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Opposing Tonically Active Endogenous Opioid System Modulating the Mesolimbic Dopamine Reward Pathway
Opioids, prototypical drugs of abuse, exert marked effects on motivation. µ- and ∂-opioid receptor agonists function as positive reinforcers. In contrast, k-opioid receptor agonists induce aversive and dysphor...
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Chapter
Opioids from Immune Cells Interact with Receptors on Sensory Nerves to Inhibit Nociception in Inflammation
Recent evidence indicates that exogenous opioids can produce pronounced antinociceptive effects by interacting with local opioid receptors in peripheral inflamed tissue [1–4]. Activation of endogenous opioid s...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Die Rolle des dopaminergen Belohnungssystems bei der Entwicklung psychischer Abhängigkeit
Mißbräuchlich verwendete Pharmaka und Drogen beeinflussen nachhaltig Stimmung und Antrieb. Beim Menschen bewirken sie Wohlbefinden (Euphorie), im Tierversuch führen sie zu „drug seeking behaviour“ und damit zu...
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Article
Neuroanatomical substrates mediating the aversive effects of D-1 dopamine receptor antagonists
An unbiased place preference conditioning procedure was used to examine the secondary reinforcing effects of selective D-1 dopamine (DA) receptor antagonists and the neuroanatomical substrates mediating these ...
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Chapter
Some Thoughts on the Present Status and Future of Opioid Research
In 1978, a few years after the identification of opioid receptors and the subsequent isolation of their endogenous ligands, our group published a monograph in which the state of opioid research at that time wa...
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Article
Involvement of capsaicin-sensitive neurones in hyperalgesia and enhanced opioid antinociception in inflammation
The effects of capsaicin pretreatment of adult rats was investigated on consequences of unilateral paw inflammation induced by inoculation with Freund's adjuvant. Decrease in mechanical nociceptive threshold i...
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Book and Conference Proceedings
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Encoding and Decoding of Patterns which are Correlated in Space and Time
In the late forties, Hebb postulated his mechanism for learning: Information presented to a neural network during a learning session is stored in the synaptic efficacies in such a way that at a synapse only co...
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Article
Evidence that the aversive effects of opioid antagonists and κ-agonists are centrally mediated
The role of central versus peripheral opioid receptors in mediating the aversive effects of opioids was examined by use of an unbiased place preference conditioning procedure in rats. The non-selective opioid ...
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Article
Hebbian learning reconsidered: Representation of static and dynamic objects in associative neural nets
According to Hebb's postulate for learning, information presented to a neural net during a learning session is stored in the synaptic efficacies. Long-term potentiation occurs only if the postsynaptic neuron b...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Attenuation of the Inhibitory Action of Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone on Luteinizing Hormone Secretion After Chronic Opioid Receptor Occupation
The rat hypothalamus is rich in opioid peptides, such as β-endorphin, dynorphin, and the enkephalins (1), which contribute to the neural control of the secretion of adenohypophyseal hormones, including that of...
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Chapter
Neurochemical Aspects of Addiction: Opioids and Other Drugs of Abuse
Drugs of abuse exert marked effects on mood and motivational processes. Opioids long considered to be prototypical addictive agents produce euphoria and drug-seeking behaviors in humans and are self-administer...
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Article
β-Endorphin-(1-27) is a naturally occurring antagonist of the reinforcing effects of opioids
A place preference conditioning procedure was used to characterize the motivational effects of β-endorphin-(1-27), a naturally occurring fragment of β-endorphin (β-EP). The intracerebroventricular (ICV) admini...
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Article
Tolerance and selective cross-tolerance to the motivational effects of opioids
The issue of whether tolerance develops to the motivational effects of opioids was addressed by use of an unbiased place preference conditioning procedure. Administration of the μ-opioid agonists morphine or f...
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Article
Peptide neuroanatomy of adjuvant-induced arthritic inflammation in rat
The influence of adjuvant-induced arthritis of the rat on central and peripheral peptide neuroanatomy was investigated by immunohistochemistry. The most striking feature of arthritic rats was the differential ...
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Article
Distinct distribution of opioid receptor types in rat lumbar spinal cord
The distribution of opiate binding sites was studied in sections of rat lumbar spinal cord under conditions selective for μ, σ and κ receptors. While the levels of μ binding sites were highest in the substanti...
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Article
Opioid modulation of the discriminative stimulus produced by pentylenetetrazol
Rats were trained to detect the stimulus properties of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), 16 mg/kg, and prototypic drugs for mu, kappa and sigma opioid receptors were tested for their ability to block or substitute for PTZ...
