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    Transforming Agri-crop Residue Biomass for Value Addition: An Innovative Strategy Toward Resilient Circular Economy

    Cereal straws, such as barley straw, wheat straw, maize, corncobs, corn stove, miscanthus, rice straw, sugarcane bagasse, manure, seaweeds and algae, are the most common agricultural wastes. Burning agricultur...

    Chhavi Sharma, Puneet Pathak, Sneh Gautam in Handbook of Biomass (2024)

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    Nano Starch: A Review

    A naturally occurring polymer, starch is used extensively in a variety of global sectors. Starch nanoparticles (SNPs) are often made in one of two ways: bottom-up or top-down. Smaller-sized SNPs can be produce...

    E. S. Sreya, Devu P. Kumar, P. S. Sreya, Ancy Baby… in Handbook of Biomass (2024)

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    Modification of Nanocellulose

    Nanocellulose (NC) represents a pivotal material for the sustainable strategies of the future. NC comprises cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), and bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), each ...

    Marta Fernandes, Cátia Alves, Liliana Melro, Rui D. V. Fernandes… in Handbook of Biomass (2024)

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    Physical Conversion of Biomass: Dewatering, Drying, Size Reduction, Densification, and Separation

    Due to its potential to lessen dependency on fossil fuels and alleviate environmental effects, biomass is increasingly being used as a feedstock for many industrial processes as well as a source of renewable e...

    Nayomi John, P. S. Fathima, V. S. Harsha, Nivya Mariam Paul… in Handbook of Biomass (2024)

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    Organic Chemical Compounds from Biomass

    The utilization of renewable biomass as a source for producing organic chemical compounds has garnered significant attention due to the growing concern over depleting fossil resources and environmental sustain...

    Sreesha Sasi, Bindu Sharmila T. K., Julie Chandra C. S.… in Handbook of Biomass (2024)

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    Microbial Conversion of Biomass

    Microbial conversion of biomass is a natural process of transformation of biological resources into energy and bioproducts. Lignocellulosic and starchy biomasses are among the most abundant and cheapest feedst...

    Alexandre Soares dos Santos, Lílian de Araújo Pantoja in Handbook of Biomass (2024)

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    Biomass: Hydrogen and Methanol Production

    Use of biomass as a feedstock for the generation of hydrogen and methanol has rekindled attention due to the growing demand for clean and sustainable energy sources. This chapter provides an in-depth analysis ...

    Zeena P. Hamza, Amrutha Sabu in Handbook of Biomass (2024)

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    Chemical Composition of Biomass

    Biomass is a renewable biological material made from recently alive or living organisms such as plants and animals. Biomass can be utilized to make biofuels such as biodiesel and ethanol and a source of energy...

    Joicy George, Meenu Eldhose, Emy Tomy, Sona John, Alex Joseph… in Handbook of Biomass (2024)

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    Proteins from Biomass Residue

    The increasing demand for alternative proteins, driven by population growth, urbanization, and the growing popularity of vegetarian and vegan lifestyles, presents new challenges in ensuring future food securit...

    Yasmim Arantes da Fonseca, Leandro Vinícius Alves Gurgel in Handbook of Biomass (2024)

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    Biomass: State of the Art and New Challenges

    The era demands the exploitation of renewable biomass resources to substitute the petroleum-based fossil resources to foster the living environmental condition of the current and future generation. The biomass...

    Reeba Mary Cherian, Rini Thresia Varghese, Cintil Jose Chirayil… in Handbook of Biomass (2024)

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    Chemical Properties of Biomass

    This chapter presents the chemical properties of biomass. An overview of the main types of biomasses found and examples are discussed. The chemical composition of lignocellulosic and non-lignocellulosic biomas...

    Ariane Regina de Souza Rossin, Fabiana da Silva Lima Cardoso… in Handbook of Biomass (2024)

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    Science and Technology of Seaweed

    Seaweed biomass, a diverse and abundant marine resource, holds significant potential in the field of science and technology. This chapter provides an overview of the current state of research and development i...

    B. T. Umesh, K. M. Fauziya, T. K. Neelima in Handbook of Biomass (2024)

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    Science and Technology of Wool Fibers

    Sheep wool is a valuable natural and renewable resource that is commonly utilized by the textile sector for producing clothing, carpets, socks, rugs, and also sometimes as fertilizers. Wool has gained use as a...

    Aswathy Vijay, R. T. Narendhirakannan in Handbook of Biomass (2024)

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    Biomass from Terrestrial Environments

    A terrestrial ecosystem depends exclusively on energy from the sun, which supports the growth and metabolism of the residing organisms. Producers or plants are the biomass factories absorbing sunlight, maintai...

    P. Nisha, Nayomi John, K. A. Rubeena, M. Thangavel in Handbook of Biomass (2024)

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    Science and Technology of Shellacs

    The commercial form of lac resin, known as shellac, is composed of low molecular weight polyester macromolecules consisting inter- and intra-esters of polyhydroxy aliphatic and sesquiterpene acids. The excepti...

    K. Rashid Sulthan, S. Hema, Greeshma U. Chandran, Malavika Sajith… in Handbook of Biomass (2024)

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    Science and Technology of Collagen

    Collagens constitute the major structural component of the extracellular matrix of every tissue and make up nearly one-third of the total human proteins. With a unique triple helical structure, and nearly 28 d...

    Dhriti P. Shah, T. R. Anju, Amee Krishnakumar in Handbook of Biomass (2024)

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    Lignocellulosic Biomass

    Lignocellulose (LC) stands as Earth’s most abundant biomass and can be derived from various living organisms, with its primary source being the plant cell wall. Cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin are the ma...

    Thiago Alves Lopes Silva, Leandro Henrique Ribeiro Varão… in Handbook of Biomass (2024)

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    Extraction of Cellulose

    The present chapter delves into the process of cellulose extraction from a range of sources employing a variety of techniques. Cellulose, being the predominant biopolymer present in substantial quantities on o...

    K. S. Femina, Anupama Asokan in Handbook of Biomass (2024)

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    Microalgal Biomass: Introduction and Production Methods

    Microalgae are a potential feedstock used for the generation of wide range of metabolic byproducts and value-added products. Compared to other plants that flourish on land, microalgae develop quickly with mini...

    Sindhu Rachel Joy, T. R. Anju in Handbook of Biomass (2024)

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    Chemical Modifications of Biomass

    Biomass is a renewable resource that has several potential end uses, such as chemicals, biofuels, and cutting-edge materials. The carbon dioxide produced during burning of biomass fuels has no effect on atmosp...

    Anu Mary Joseph in Handbook of Biomass (2024)

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